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Motivating and Rewarding Employees (4 early theories of motivation…
Motivating and Rewarding Employees
Three key elements
Direction
Persistence
Energy
4 early theories of motivation
McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y
Theory X
A negative view that assumes workers have little ambition, dislike work, want to avoid responsibility, and need to be colsely controlled
Theory Y
A positive view that assumes employees enjoy work, seek out and accept responsibility
Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory
Motivators
Factors that increase job satisfaction and motivation
Hygiene Factors
Factors that eliminate job dissatisfaction but don't motivate
Maslow' Hierarchy of need theory
Social
Safety
Esteem
Physiological
Self-actualization
McClelland's Three-Needs Theory
Need for power
Need for affiliation
Need for achievement
Contemporary theories
Job design
Job characteristics model (JCM)
Task identity
Task significance
Skill variety
Autonomy
Feedback
Equity
Distributive justice
Procedure justice
Referent
Persons
System
Self
Goal-Setting
Committed to achieving/Accepted
Motivation(intention to work toward goal)
Goals
Higher Performance plus goal achievement
Expectancy
Individual performance
Organizational rewards
Individual effort
Individual goals
Current issues
Country culure
Unique groups workers
Professionals
Contingent workers
Diverse employees
When economy stinks
Appropriate rewards programs
Employee recognition program
Pay-for-performance
Open-book management programs
Final note
Continuously show workers that the company cares about them