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Motivating & Rewarding Employees (Early Theories of Motivation…
Motivating & Rewarding Employees
Definition & Explanation
Motivation
process which person's effort are energized, directed, and sustained toward attaining a goal
key elements
Energy element
Direction
Persistence
Early Theories of Motivation
McGregor's Theory X & Y
X = negative
Dislike Work
Lazy
Avoid responsibility
Y = positive
creative
enjoy work
seek responsibility
Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
extrinsic - dissatisfaction
Hygiene factors
intrinsic factors - satisfaction&motivation
Motivators
Hierarchy of Needs Theory
5 human needs
Social
Esteem
Safety
Self-Actualization
Physiological
McClelland's Three Needs Theory
nPow
to make others behave
nAff
friendly and close interpersonal
nAch
drive to succeed
Current Issues in motivating
motivate unique groups
Professionals
Contingent workers
Diverse Workforce
employee recognition programs
personal attention and expressions of interest
Pay for performance programs
pay employees on some performance measure
compare contemporary theories
goal setting theory
difficult goals result in higher performance
Hackman & Oldham
Task significance
Autonomy
Task identity
Feedback
Skill variety
Equity Theory
compares input to outcome
Expectancy Theory
Valence/Attractiveness
Instrumentality/Performance reward linkage
Effort Performance linkage