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section M: fish farming (how fish farmers use selective breeding to…
section M: fish farming
2 reasons for fish farming:
overfishing of wild fish
provide protein
2 types of fish farming:
Open farming system
- water flows through and rain can come in (e.g. a pond or cage in the sea)
Closed fish farming system
- a controlled tank that is inside and nothing can get in
Water quality
remove waste and toxins from the water to maximise growth
Aeration (provide oxygen)
to provide oxygen for aerobic respiration which maximised growth
maintained by bubbling air through
Control of infectious/disease
so the fish don't get parasite - high fish density means that parasites spread easily
biological control/pesticides and antibiotic
control of predators
controlled so they don't eat the fish
by putting nets over the tanks and cages
Frequency of feeding
need high protein fish food
feed the fish small amounts of food frequently to avoid rot
how fish farmers use selective breeding to maximise production
Humans/farmers select fish with desired characteristics - resistant to disease, big, fast growing.
allow those fish to breed
they reproduce and pass on their genes for the desired characteristics
select the offspring with the characteristics and repeat over several generations