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NUTRITIVE EVALUATION OF FORAGE (Carbohydrate (insoluble (cellulose,…
NUTRITIVE EVALUATION OF FORAGE
NUTRITIVE VALUE OF FORAGE
FIBROUS PORTION
RUMEN FUNCTION
MILK PRODUCTION
FORAGE
MINERAL
FIBROUS (HIGH CONTENT)
CARBOHIDRATE
PROTIEN
VITAMIN
CELL WALL
TOTAL FIBROUS FRACTION
NON-DIGESTABLE FRACTION (98%)
DIGESTIBILITY
TOTAL DIGESTIBILITY NUTRIENT
ORGANIC MATTER
ENERGY
DRY MATTER
Methods for determining nutritive value
Physical
• Solubility
• Resistance to grinding
• Density
• Porosity
Infrared reflectance
• Versatile
• easily to obtained result
• can be run rapidly
• no large supply of chemicals
Protien
N content
Non-Protien
• Glutamine
• Glutamic acid
• Asparagine
• Aspartic acids
• Gamma-aminobutyric acids
• Nitrates.
Silage
• Ammonia
• Amines
• Amine salts
Consist
• RDP: rumen degradable protein
• UDP: undegradable protein
Nutrient
• Legum: 20-25%
• Grass: 8-12%
Carbohydrate
Soluble
Glucose ,Sucrose, Fructose, Fructosan , Starches
insoluble
cellulose
digestible (microbial action)
Pectin
middle lamella , Very digestible
Hemicellulose
part of the plant cell wall , not highly digestible
Lignin
in plant , ( not digestible )
Cutin
waxlike , lower digestible
Tannin
with lignin
bitter taste, reduces palatability and precipitates proteins
Nutrient content
•Grass
•Cell wall: 30-40%
•Cellulose: 20-30%
•Hemicelluloses: 15-35%
Vitamin
Vitamin B ( synthesized rumen )
Carotena
Nutrient Content
A , B , D
Mineral
Fairly high
Nutrient content
grass
Ca, Mg, S, Mo, Fe.
Legums
N, Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Co, Mo, Mn.
Digestion
Utilization ( Rumen Bacteria )
Carbohydrate
Simple Sugar
Volatile Fatty Acid
Microbial Protien
Protien
Small Peptides & Amino Acid
Amino Acid
Ammonia
Microbial Protien
Regulation of forage intake
Physiological Process
Maintenance
Growth
Milk Production
work
Intake of Grazing
