Solids, Liquids, and Gasses
Density
Mass per unit volume
Density = mass/volume
kg/m3 or g/cm3
Least dense = rise
Most dense = sink
Pressure
Pressure is defined as force per unit area.
Pressure = force / area
Reduce pressure
Heat (a gas) move faster and have more kinetic energy
Smaller container
pressure x volume = constant
P1 V1 = P2 V2
Pressure in a liquid acts in all directions
States
Increase in temperature is the increase in heat energy
Particle uses energy to change the bonds between them as they change state
Changing state
Boiling = particles have enough energy to overcome their attraction to each other resulting bubbles of gas
Melting = forces between the particles are overcome and begin to move around
Solids = strong forces of attraction hold the particles together in a fixed arrangement. Only vibrate
Liquids = weaker forces of attraction. The particles close together but can move past each other and form irregular arrangements. Have more energy
Gases = Almost no forces of attraction. Have more energy. Free to move and travel in random directions at high speeds.