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成癮性藥物Drugs of abuse (:star:Opioid鴉片嗎啡類 (治療 (Partial agonist (Buprenorphine…
成癮性藥物Drugs of abuse
:star:
Opioid鴉片嗎啡類
Morphine.Heroin.Codeine.Oxycodone
強效止痛劑
治療
Antagonist
Naloxone、Naltrexone
強烈戒斷症狀
Agonist (長半衰期)
Methadone
可能有成癮性
Partial agonist
Buprenorphine
戒斷症狀跟成癮性都低
:warning:Suboxone
Buprenorphine+Naloxone
:star:
Nicotin
解焦慮.振奮精神.食慾下降
治療:尼古丁替代療法
partial agonist
Varenicline
競爭和receptor結合
:star:
Cocaine.Amphetamine.Marijuana
Cocaine.Amphetamine:替代療法
Methylpheniate.
Modafinil.
Bupropion.
Mirtazapine.
Naltrexone
Marijuana
CB1 receptor antagonist
Rimomabant
:star:
造成藥物成癮機轉
共同目的:增加Dopamine
Nicotine
作用在VTA本體上ㄉAch receptor
細胞depolarization :arrow_right:Dopamine增加
Opioids、Cannabinoids(大麻)
Gi receptor
抑制VTA附近GABA活性
抑制NAc對VTA的負回饋
Cocaine、Amphetamine
Dopamine transporter inhibitor
Alcohol、PCP
NAc receptor blocker，抑制負回饋