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酒精與相關藥物 Alcohol and related compounds (代謝途徑 :star: (ADH(Alcohol…
酒精與相關藥物 Alcohol and related compounds
酒精藥物動力學
:star:
吸收:25%胃 75%小腸
空腹酒精吸收快
代謝:90~98在肝臟
代謝途徑
:star:
ADH(Alcohol dehydrogenase)
ALDH
MEOS
ALDH
都會讓Ethanol變成Acetaldehyde再變成Acetate
Disulfiram
:ALDH inhibitor，幫助戒酒
伴隨NAD+ :arrow_right:NADH
ketoacidosis酒精性酮酸中毒
酒精影響
:star:
receptor
GABA
Dopamine
Opioid
NMDA Glutamate(興奮性receptor)
serotonin
酒精中毒(急)
呼吸中止死亡
電解質不平衡(eletrolyte imbalance)
酮酸中毒(ketoacidosis)
處置:補充Vit B1
預防Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
酒精中毒(慢)
處置:long acting benzodiazepine(抗癲癇)
治療酒精成癮藥物
:star:
Naltrexone
阻斷opioid receptors
不可和Disulfiram一起用
Disulfiram
抑制Acetaldehyde代謝
Acamprosate
替代療法