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HIGH MIDDLE AGES AND FEUDALISM (FEUDAL SYSTEM (THE ORIGINS (Nobles (power,…
HIGH MIDDLE AGES AND FEUDALISM
POLITICAL SITUATION
11th-13th
CHRISTIAN WORLD
Byzantine Empire
attacks from Turks
Carolingian Empire
Holy Roman Empire
962
CHRISTIAN KINGDOMS
Zaragoza conquered in 1113
1139
Kingdom of Portugal
independent
Almohads
MUSLIM WORLD
NEW CALIPHATES
Almoravid Caliphate
Fatimid Caliphate
10th-13th
attacks from Christians
turks
most important group
13th
invaded by Mongols
caliphate divided
THE REST OF THE WORLD
Asia
Mongols
America
Toltec, Mayan and Incas
Africa
new kingdoms
Sahel Zone
FEUDAL SYSTEM
FIEFDOM
land owned by a feudal lord
SERFS
peasants
worked and lived in fiefdoms
THE ORIGINS
Ask nobles for help
Nobles
absolute power over peasants
power
hereditary
Monarchs couldn't help
Carolingian Empire separated
Europe was attacked
POWER
expand territories
insecurity
deny military armies
THE FEUDAL MONARCHY
Royal officials
Host
Court
VASSALAGE RELATIONSHIPS
Commendation ceremony
VASSAL
voluntary peasant
DEFINITION
political, economic and social system
CHARACTERISTICS
relationships
personal loyalty
economy
fiefdoms
monarch's loss of power
PARTS OF FIEFDOM
Village
Demesne
Places of comunal use
Castle
SOCIETY
CLERGY (ORATORES)
Lower
priests and monks.
Upper
bishops and abbots
PEASANTS
Free peasants, craftsmen and traders
Serfs
NOBILITY
Lower
knights
Higher
dukes, marquisis and counts
THE CHURCH
ECONOMIC POWER
benefited from the thite
Church
main land owner
monarchs gave lands to Church
POLITICAL POWER
bishops attended cortes
monarchs appointed bishops...
very close
Pope could
excommunicate
CULTURE AND THE CHURCH
responsible for
education
fear end of world
pilgrimages
fear of hell
spreding culture
ORGANISATION
Pope
leader
CLERGY
SECULAR CLERGY
REGULAR CLERGY
Religious orders
Military orders
ECONOMY
LIVESTOCK
animals for travel
meat
priviliged people
SUBSISTENCE ECONOMY
agriculture techniques
Mouldboard
Irrigation techniques
Manure
Three-year crop rotation
AGRICULTURE
pulses
wine
vegetables
beer
cereal crops
LIFE IN A FIEFDOM
UNPRIVILIGED STATES
female peasants
look after children
clothes
cotton
dark colors
wool
not education
simple meals
gathered around a fire
held simple celebrations
worked everyday
PRIVILIGED STATES
nobles
women
no political matters
chaplain
prayed and looked after the chapel
have education
clothes
velvet
silk
linen
bright colors
training
jewerelly
hunting
attended
feasts
banquets
tournaments