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Drugs in sport (Strategies for elimination of performance enhancing drugs,…
Drugs in sport
Strategies for elimination of performance enhancing drugs
Drug free culture via education programmes (100%me)
Organisations working in drug detection and enforcement should work together
UKAD is responsible for protecting UK sport against Doping: Administers testing programmes for 40 sports
Harsher punishments
Investment into new technology and testing programmes
Name and shame negative role models
Guilty lose funding and sponsorship
Problems with trying to eradicate drugs in sport
Ongoing development of masking agents to keep performers ahead of testers
Drugs taken accidently as an excuse to proclaim innocence
Difficult to gain immediate access to athletes who may be abroad
Different countries have different procedures and regulations so hard to gain a unified approach
Physiological effects of drugs on the performer and their performance
Beta blockers
Improve accuracy in precision sports, keep heart rate low and widen blood vessels
Precision sports, snooker, darts, golf
Counteract adrenaline by binding on nerve receptors slowing nervous impulses
Tiredness due to low BP and slower heart rate
EPO
Stimulates red blood cell production increases oxygen carrying capacity of the body delays onset of fatigue
Used by endurance performers
Hormone produced in kidneys to increase haemoglobin content (can be made artificially)
Blood clotting, stroke, rarely death
Anabolic steroids
Aid in protein storage and promote muscle growth and tissue development (increased strength and power)
Beneficial for power athletes
Artificially produced hormones (testosterone derivative)
Liver damage, heart and immune system problems, and behaviour changes
Stimulant
Drugs that induce a temporary increase in mental and physical function
Positive and negative implications to the sport and the performer of drug taking
Sport
Threatens spirit and integrity of sport
Cheating and it damages reputation of the sport and decreases interest in it
Athletics and cycling are commonly associated
Creates suspicion over "clean athletes"
Provides negative role models so decreased participation
Performer
Negative role model
Negative health implications (steroids high blood pressure, EPO heart disease)
Brings fame and fortune if successful (and not caught)
Loss of reputation
Loss of income and sponsorship future career threatened
Legal action against performer
Tour de France has large doping association
Arguments for and against drug testing
Against
Expensive and time consuming
Drugs are easy access and difficult to eliminate (funding could be better spent else where)
Detection is not always effective
Hard to define a drug compared to a supplement and other technological aids
Drugs might be taken accidently
Sacrifices made by performer are personal choice
For
Illegal drugs and doping methods to aid performance
Social reasons
Fame and fortune attached to success at elite level
High levels of pressure to win from sources
Win at all costs attitude
Lack of deterrents
Poor role models
Psychological reasons
Steady nerves
Increase aggression
Improve confidence and reactions