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Ch. 2: The Self, Perception, and Communication (Communication and the Self…

- - - - Can include: Sex/gender, age, belief systems (religion, philosophy), occupation, moods or feelings, appearance and physical condition, social traits, talents you possess or lack, intellectual capacity, strong beliefs, social roles
        
        Me: Female, 19, student, short and pretty thin, good at science/technology competitions, board games, and singing, older sister
    - - Person is glad that they are athletic or embarrassed about being tall
      - Me: Proud of being good at science/technology competitions, sometimes self conscious about being short (if I'm around lots of tall people)
  - - - Traits can include extroversion, patience, how emotional a person is, honesty, how humble a person is, how imaginative a person is, shyness, assertiveness, verbal aggression, overall willingness to communicate, etc.
        
        Me: Pretty introverted, shy in a lot of situations, not super patient, not very aggressive/assertive
  - - - TV makeover shows have underlying message that "you must improve your appearance"
      - Me: All my friends going to universities made me feel self conscious at first about going to community college because I was afraid of their judgement
    - - Me: My parents, sister, best friend
  - - - Person expects to become nervous during job interview and anxiety causes them to answer the questions poorly
      - Me: I've gotten bad scores on tests because I approached them thinking I was going to do badly, which gave me anxiety while taking the tests that probably caused my performance to go down.
- - - - Emotional state
        
        Happiness in a relationship causes a person to interpret their partner's behavior more charitably, which leads to greater happiness
      - Intense stimuli
        
        More likely to remember extremely tall or short people
      - Contrast or change
        
        Consistently wonderful people are taken for granted when they are interacted with frequently (no change)
      - Internal factors and motives
        
        Someone looking out for romance will be more aware of attractive potential partners
  - - - Sex: A biological category such as male, female, or intersexed
      - Gender: Socially constructed roles, behaviors, activities, and attributes that a society considers appropriate for men and/or women
      - Androgynous: Combining both masculine and feminine traits
  - - - Stereotyping: The perceptual process of applying exaggerated beliefs associated with a categorizing system
    - - Self-serving bias: The tendency to interpret and explain information in a way that casts the perceiver in the most favorable manner
  - - - Sympathy: Compassion for another's situation