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Topic 1.2.1 (What is petroleum? (The word petroleum comes from the word…
Topic 1.2.1
What is petroleum?
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Is a complex chemical compound that coexists solid, liquid and gaseous parts.
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Color varies from amber and black, density less than water. In a gas it is odorless, colorless and tasteless.
It´s a mixture of compounds, mainly hydrocarbons, benzene derivates and alcohols.
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Refinery process for crude oil is how it is extracted according to a specific field. Crude oil extraction includes: production facilities, separation & storage.
Conversion: Pyrolisis, catalyc reformation, alkylation, polymerization & isomerization
Treatment: Separation of aromatic compounds, impurities and salts, hydrodesulphurization, refining and solvent extraction, sweetening, removal of waxes.
Formulation and mixing: Preparation of any compounds and mixtures for industrial use. (Plastics, synthetic fibers, synthetic rubber or elastomers, nitrogen fertilizers)
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Octane in gasolines
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Percentage of iso-octane 2,2,4-trimethylpentane containing a gasoline
Fun facts:
Oil has been used by people over 5,000 years.
Members of the OPEC produce about 44.1% of the world's crude oil. and owns almost 81.5 of the crude oil reserves.
Other operations:
Waste recovery & treatment, product handling and transportation, hydrogen production, sulfur recovery, production of energy and steam & analysis in a laboratory.
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