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Factors Influencing the Site of a Settlement (Water supply (Water is…
Factors Influencing the Site of a Settlement
Water supply
Water is essential for human survival - used for cooking, cleaning, drinking
Springs, dreams, rivers
Easily flooded areas are avoided
Fertile soil with a good water supply promotes agricultural activities.
Relief
Flat or gently sloping land is easier to farm
Rugges terrain e.g. mountains can be hard to access
Broad flatland e.g. floodplains promotes agricultural activities
Gently sloping land reduces the risk of flooding
Soil
Fertile, well-drained soils are. important for agricultural activities
Soil quality, minerals, vegetation type, acidity
Shelter
Valleys - sheltered Fromm wind + rain - useful for protecting crops + maintaining buildings
Mountains, hills or steep inclines also benificial
Could provide a barrier to invading movement
Defence
Steep incline - good vantage point
Area beside a marshland or surrounded by a moat/water good for defence - singular entry points could be defended easily
Away from predatory animals
Bridging point
Over rivers
Through mountains
Coastal locations
Natural harbour
Defence features
Transport + trading points (coast)
Natural resources
Coal
Wood
Timber
Building material or as profit
What is the site of a settlement?
The point at which the settlement is located - the land which the settlement is built on top of