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Medicine 1900 onward (Key words (DNA (Short for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA…

- - - - Alexander Fleming researched substances infections that would cure simple infections. in 1928 he noticed a mould on a petri dish that had killed the harmful bacteria. this was penicillin.
    - - in 1939 Howard Florey and Ernst Chain grew their own penicillin and experimented. in 1940 they used it on infected mice and it cured them.
      - in 1941 they had a human patient who they used it on and he began to recover but unfortunately they ran out and he died. but they had proved that penicillin could fight infection in humans
    - - Florey and Chain needed a factory to mass produce penicillin. they went to the US government who funded 21 companies to make it and at D-day there was enough penicillin to treat all allied casualties. - over 2.3 m dosses
    - - used to treat disease caused be a certain family of bacteria and to prevent infection.
  - - - often when the disease is detected it is too far along to treat but now technology has enabled improvements. doctors can now scan to identify cancer cells.
    - - if the cancer is detected early they can remove the cancerous part of the lung
      - other treatments include
        
        Transplant - cancerous lungs replaced with those of a donor
        
        radiotherapy - waves of radiation are aimed at the tumour to shrink it.
        
        chemotherapy - patients are injected with different drugs to shrink the tumour before surgery or to relieve symptoms
    - - discovered that smoking is linked to lung cancer but the government was slow to respond and didn't make any laws between 1950 and 2007
      - banned smoking in public places and under 18
  - - - the Clean air act of 1956 and 1968 to prevent smog from air pollution
      - Health Act 2006 made it illegal to smoke in all enclosed workspaces