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Organisational department (Purchasing/production /services department(1),…
Organisational department
R&D department
two categories of R&D
Product research : creating new product/developing existing one
Process research :process/productivity/planning/quality mgt
Types of research
Applied research : original research(specific aim or application)
Development : use of existing knowledge(before commercial)
Pure research :original research(no commercial or practical aim)
Purchasing/production /services department(1)
production : inputs - operations - outputs
Human resource job design
sales department quantities
R&D Product design
Finance department new equipment
services
variability
inseparability
Intangibility
ownership
Purchasing: acquisition of material and business services
cost of holding inventory/optimum reorder levels
Quantity/price/quality/delivery
Marketing department(2)
Marketing Department: Identify,anticipate and satisfy customer needs profitable
Production orientation :customs will buy whatever we produce
Product orientation : Add more features to the product not research what customers actually want
Market orientation : description
Sales orientation : customers are persuaded to buy
Marketing : focus on customer's needs to design proucts
The marketing mix
Price : penetration pricing & Skimming pricing
Place : distribution(outlets , logistics)
Product :product lifecycle , core product & agumentations
Promotion : marketing communications (AIDA)
Market segmentation
Targeted marketing
Differentiated marketing
Mass marketing :
Administration (3)
consistency/better control and decision/economies of scale
slower decision-making/over reliance on head office/serious impact of a system failure
Finance
Accounting functions : financial accounting / management accounting / Treasury
The roles of finance : raising money/recording and controlling / reporting
Human resources DEP(4)
Importance
enhance group learning
reduce staff turnover
increase productivity
encourage initiative
Objectives
respond to change
motivate them effectively
cooperative climate of relationships
social and legal responsibilities
deals with
retention
dowmsizing
recruitment
training and retraining to enhance the skills base