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The Western Front (Weapons (The bayonet (turned the rifle into a thrusting…
The Western Front
Weapons
Shrapnel
consisted of a heavy shell packed with steel balls or lead, together with gunpowder & a timer fuse
didn't kill soldiers but often shattered facial and head tissue from tiny pieces which were hard to remove from the body
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Poison Gas
first appeared in 1914, had a huge psychological effect on soldiers that feared being gassed
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Machine guns
could fire 500 rounds per minute, 1 million rounds in 12 hrs, speed is around 682m/s
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Hand grenades
good for clearing enemy trenches & dugouts, easily portable
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Lee Enfield Rifle
pierced vital organs & bones, blood loss & shock. amputations
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Heavy Artillery
successor of the cannon, used throughout the war & grew bigger and more powerful as the time passed
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The bayonet
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cruel injuries - sodiers trained to thrust the bayonet and then give it a sharp twist to make the wound fatal
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trench system
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helping the wounded was challenging due to the terrain - muddy conditions, buried bodies, gunshot, uneven terrain & long journeys
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Nurses
FANY
housewives prepared food, did laundry, bandages, operating theatres
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nearly 500 women helped the wounded but as ambulance drivers and nurses, not on horseback
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Evacuation Process
mnemonic
Silly
Bear
Ran
At
Peter,
Fell
And
Died.
Some
Casualties
Can
Stress
Bear
Hospitals
SB-RAP-FADS-CCS-BH
Stretcher Bearers
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had to deal with mud, shell-craters and crouded, twisted trenches
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Base Hospitals
usually by port or train stations so soldiers could be taken back to England & soldiers were evacuated by trains or by motor cars
very good facilities - x-rays, operation theatres, treatment for gas poisoning