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Stem cells (Types (totipotent (generate all cells making the embryo,…
Stem cells
Types
totipotent
generate all cells making the embryo
morula's cells
pluripotent
generate meso & ecto & endo derms
derived from inner cell mass of blastocyst
multipotent
generate one family of cells
e.gm hematopoietic SC --> BCs
unipotent
one cell type
self renewal
Sources for clinical application
ESC
4-5 days old embry (blastocyst)
pluripotent
all 220 cell types
Adult SC
organ specific
found in developed organism
multupotent
closely related cell types
fetal
organs of fetuses at a late stage of development
multipotent or pluripotent
umbilical cord
pluripotent
Amniotic fluid SC
multipotent
induced SC
dedifferentiation of somatic cells t/r alteration of genes
Properities
Self renewal
Maintaining undifferentiated state, while going t/r numerous CC
Potency
Ability to differentiate
Niches
Micro environment that interact W/ SC & determine it’s fate
Factors
ECM
Adhesion molecules
Cell cell inter’n bt SC
Neighbouring stromal niche cells
Growth factors
Physiochemical nature of environment
PH
Oxygen tension
Ionic strength
func
in embryos
develop into all of the specialized embryonic tissues
in adult organisms
repair system
Definition
Primary cells that are source for all differentiated cells