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WHAT TRIGGERED THE END OF THE TERROR (Growing Economic and Political Fear,…
WHAT TRIGGERED THE END OF THE TERROR
Growing Economic and Political Fear
Economic Discontent
The sans-culottes were already angry with the removal of political figures they supported, such as Danton and Hebert
Robespierre began enforcing a cap on wages, causing incomes to fall.The CPS also increased the general maxim, creating widespread inflation
The Cult of the Supreme Being
The CPS banned all religion, and created the Cult of the Supreme Being, and with it a festival held on 8th June 1794
Robespierre also placed himself at the centre of the festival, giving the impression he had become power-crazed
With major de-Christianisers removed such as Hebert, the CPS was free to establish their own religious policy
Division Within the CPS
With the Law of Prarial, division occurred within the CPS, Herbois was offended by the Cult of the Supreme Being, Carnot accused Robespierre and Saint-Just of being dictators
The CGS was losing power to Robespierre’s Police Bureau
Saint-Just left for Belgium, leaving Robespierre without a key ally
Robespierre spends less and less time at the CPS, giving the majority of his speeches at his Police Bureau
Robespierre Under Pressure
Herbois, Fouche, and Jean-Nicolas, a member of the CPS, created a case that put Robespierre under the influence of an insane woman in Paris
Robespierre discover the plot and told the chief prosecutor of the Revolutionary Tribunal not to let the case through
The Arrest and Execution of Robespierre, The Coup of Thermidor
26th July 1794, Robespierre appears at the National Convention stating that he knew of several traitors, but refused to name them, making everyone feel threatened
The next day, Collot and Fouche led cries of ‘Down with the tyrant’ in the NC, with Collot d’Herbois as president refusing Robespierre or Saint-Just to defend themselves
Robespierre failed to take any action, such as call upon the sans-culottes to defend himself. After a failed possible suicide attempt, he and Saint-Just were executed by the guillotine on 28th July 1794
Thermidorean Government Established
63 members who had helped with the Terror were sentenced to death, but some such as Fouche defended themselves, however, Herbois was exiled to Guyana
The NC then repealed the Law of Prairal, and removed Jacobin influence from the tribunals, with all arrested suspects being released in august 1794
21st February 1795, freedom of worship was restored, and the Cult of the supreme being was ended.They also ruled that 25% of the NC had to change each month to avoid dictatorship.The Paris Commune was also abolished, recognising its involvement in the sans-culottes