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Harlem Renaissance (Art (Elizabeth Catlett Born: April 15, 1915,…

- - - - Sargent Claude Johnson was born in Boston, Massachusetts in 1888. He was an orphan, and was brought up by his Aunt May Howard Johnson. He is best known for his work as a painter, sculptor and ceramist, although he was also a potter, printmaker, graphic artist and carver. From 1926 to 1935 is when he reached his peak as a creator and found his true style, during the Renaissance Era. His work reflected the ideas of the Renaissance, which was black subject matter, including portraits, masks, and mother-and-child themes. He died October 10th, 1967.
  - - - Paul Robeson was an actor during the Harlem renaissance
      - He first moved to Harlem whenever in order to study law at Columbia university
      - He was a lawyer but experienced extreme racism and instead he turned fully to the stage
      - He is most credited with his film and stage performances of The Emperor jones and Show Boat
  - - - Beauford Delaney; born onDecember 30, 1901 and died on March 26, 1979. He was an American modernist painter but was mostly know for his abstract works. One of his most famous was Can Fire in the Park.
      - Bill(Bojangles) Robinson(1878-1949) was a very well known African American Tap dancer. He also did many performances on broadway and and played in films. He started his career as a dancer of vaudeville performer. His talent was tap dancing and that pleased every crowd black and white. When he was young he hated his name and since he liked his brothers name better they just swithced from luther to Bill. He began dancing at age 5 and never stopped from performing in bars to at age 9 going on tour. In 1928 he got his big break and starred in the play blackbirds along side many other famous peopple.
      - Hale Woodruff(1900-1980)- Born in Cairo, Illinois on August 26, 1900 to George and Augustin Woodruff. Woodruff had an early interest in art and was the cartoonist for his high school newspaper and even entered Herron Art School in 1920. Woodruff travelled to Paris, France in 1928 to visit art academies. There he studied under a major black artist, Henry Ossawa Tanner. Three years later Woodruff returned to the United States to become a teacher at Atlanta University, establishing the art division at the university. In 1946, New York University offered Woodruff a position to teach where he continued to teach at the New York University until 1968. During Woodruff's career he completed three murals: The Negro in California History, The Amistad Mutiny, and The Art of the Negro. All of his murals portrayed the inequality African-Americans experience; therefore, promoting change in society.
- - - - May Miller
        May Miller was an African-American poet, playwright and educator. Miller became known as the most widely published female playwright of the Harlem Renaissance, with seven published volumes of poetry during her career as a writer. Her woks include: Dust of uncertain journey, The clearing and beyond, Not that Far, Halfway to the Sun, Collected Poems
        
        Helene Johnson (1906-1995) was born in Boston and raised in brookline. Her mothers grandparents were slaves and she never knew her dad. In 1920 she moved to New York city with her cousin Dortohy west. She always depicted the picture of realistic ghetto life and the roots of her people. She published original poetry in magazine and other things but after she had her first kid in 1933 she never did again publish anymore. S
      - **He was father of the Harlem renaissance. he was born on 1885 and died on 1954. He gradated from Harvard and has 2 degrees one in literature and one in philosophy. He was a very smart person but his admission to enter into oxford was denied a lot because he was black. He taught at Howard university and became a chairperson. He published a piece called "The new negro" and everyone liked it. He wrote about his race. He was an inspiration to many in the Harlem Renaissance
    - - Anne Spencer
        Poet and librarian, teacher, civil rights activist, and gardener. She didn't live in NY, but was considered one of the most influential women of the time. She holds an important place as the first Virginian and first African American to have her poetry included in the highly influential Norton Anthology of American Poetry. Her family lived in VA, and their home became the meeting place of Langston Hughes, Marian Anderson, George Washington Carver, Thurgood Marshall, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., James Weldon Johnson.
        
        Josephine Baker was a dancer, singer and fashion icon: 3 June 1906 – 12 April 1975
  - - - Nella Larson:
        1891-1964
        She graduated from Fisk University at a young age and begin to write books and manuscripts. She wrote several novels about the daily struggles of an African American during the Harlem Renaissance. She also wrote about women's rights.
        However, most of her writings consisted of mixed-race people, and the social dynamics in their lives.
        
        Zora Neal Hurston - Born in Alabama on January 7, 1891, Zora Neale Hurston spent her early adulthood studying at various universities and collecting folklore from the South, the Caribbean and Latin America. She published her findings in Mules and Men. Hurston was a fixture of the Harlem Renaissance, rubbing shoulders with many of its famous writers. In 1937, she published her masterwork of fiction, Their Eyes Were Watching God. Hurston died in Florida in 1960.
        
        Marion Vera Cuthbert was born in St. Paul, Minnesota, Cuthbert later took became the dean of Talladega College. Still later, she graduated with a PhD from Columbia, where she wrote a dissertation titled “Education and Marginality: A Study of the Negro College Graduate.” She also wrote for Charles S. Johnson’s Opportunity.
- - - - William Henry Webb (Chick Webb) : Jazz and swing music drummer. He suffered from tuberculosis of the spine. He was very passionate for music and worked as a newspaper boy to save enough money to buy drums of his own. He played professionally at age eleven. At seventeen moved to NYC and began his own band in Harlem.
      - King Oliver (1881 - 1938) was a famous jazz cornet player and bandleader who was the mentor of Louis Armstrong. King Oliver was a highly improvisational artist who famously used hats, bottles and cups to alter the sound of his cornet. His famous songs included Chimes Blues, Just Gone and Dipper Mouth Blues
      - Bessie Smith : Bessie Smith was born in Chattanooga, Tennessee on April 15, 1894. She began to sing at a young age and in 1923 signed a contract with Columbia Records. Soon she was among the highest-paid black performers of her time with hits like "Downhearted Blues." By the end of the 1920s, however, her popularity had lessened, though she continued to perform and made new recordings at the start of the Swing Era. Her comeback and life were cut short when she died on September 26, 1937 from injuries sustained in an automobile accident outside of Clarksdale, Mississippi.
    - - Gladys Bentley (1907-1960)- Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania to George L. Bentley and Mary Bentley. At the age of sixteen Bentley ran away to New York to begin her career as a skillful pianist and blues singer. She dressed and performed in a manner that appealed to all sexualities and races. In her performances she often dressed in a black-and-white tuxedo to represent a male figure. She promoted same-sex marriages by performing in gay bars and nightclubs. Bentleys moved to Los Angeles where she married J.T. Gipson, who died in 1952. In the same year she married Charles Roberts, but the relationship only lasted for five months. In 1960, Bentley died from pneumonia in Los Angeles.
        
        Jelly Roll Morton was an American Pianist and songwriter who had a strong influence on the formation of jazz music. He was born Ferdinand Joseph La Mothe on October 20th, 1890 and was a mix of African, French, and Spanish. He learned to play piano at age ten, and soon began playing at the red light district bordellos, which was where he adopted the nickname "Jelly roll". He is believed to be the first jazz musician to write his arrangements on paper, with "Original Jelly Roll Blues" as the genre's first published piece. In 1926, he led the Jelly Roll Morton's Red Hot Peppers, which was a very popular jazz group and a way for Morton to show off his talents as a pianist. In 1928, he moved to New York and worked on more pieces of music. Morton stayed true to his New Orleans roots, which eventually was looked at as old-fashioned and unpopular. As a result, he struggled to earn a living during the Great Depression. In 1928, Morton worked with a man by the name of Alan Lomax, recording him speaking about oral history of the origins of jazz. The recordings were helping to bring interest back into Morton's love for true jazz, but his poor health took him before this could happen on July 20th, 1941, in Los Angeles, California. Morton was added to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1998 and obtained a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2005, proving that his legacy lives on.
        
        Thelonious Sphere Monk
        1917-1982
        Born in Rock Mountain, North Carolina
        In his early teens, Monk toured with an evangelist, playing the church organ, but in his later years found work playing jazz. He was the house pianist at a Manhattan night club where he developed much of his style which was described as "hard swinging". Monk later went on to compose and record many songs and became known as one of the most influential names in jazz music.
        “The piano ain't got no wrong notes.”
  - - - Jean Toomer; An important figure in African-American literature, Jean Toomer (1894—1967) was born in Washington, DC, the grandson of the first governor of African-American descent in the United States. A poet, playwright, and novelist, Toomer’s most famous work, Cane, was published in 1923 and was hailed by critics for its literary experimentation and portrayal of African-American characters and culture. Early on in his life he resisted being classified by race, preferring to call himself simply American. His most famous work, Cane, an experimental collection of stories and poems. It was hailed by critics and is seen as an important part of the Harlem Renaissance.
        
        Meta Fuller
        
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        Meta Warrick Fuller was a black female artist who specialized in sculpture. Born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in 1877, her career peaked during America’s Gilded Age, a time when more women were trained as artists than ever before. She attended the Pennsylvania Museum School of Industrial Arts in 1897 (now Pennsylvania College of Art) before traveling abroad to study in Paris, France in 1899. Warrick studied at the Académie Colarossi for sculpture and La Ecole des Beaux Arts for drawing
      - Lena Horne- Actress and singer Lena Horne was born June 30, 1917, in Brooklyn, New York. She left school at age 16 to help support her family and became a dancer at the Cotton Club in Harlem. After having established herself as a sought after live singer, a role she would maintain throughout her life, she later signed with MGM studios and became known as one of the top African-American performers of her time, seen in such films as Cabin in the Sky and Stormy Weather. She was also known for her work with civil rights groups and refused to play roles that stereotyped African-American women, a stance that many found controversial. After some time out of the limelight during the '70s, she made a revered, award-winning comeback with her 1981 show Lena Horne: The Lady and Her Music. Continuing to record into her later years, Horne died on May 9, 2010.
  - - - Billie Holiday
      - Alberta Hunter
        
        Alberta Hunter was an American jazz singer and songwriter who had a successful career from the early 1920s to the late 1950s, and then stopped performing. Hunter was born on April 1st, 1895, in Memphis, Tennessee, and named for the doctor who delivered her. She gained international fame in the first half of the 20th century as a recording artist and nightclub and stage performer.
- - - - W.E.B. Du Bois
        
        W. E. B. Du Bois
        In 1909, Du Bois co-founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), an organization which remains active even today. In 1910, the NAACP launched its official magazine The Crisis and Du Bois was its editor for the first 24 years
    - - A. Philip Randolph-(April 15, 1889-May 16, 1979) was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement, the American labor movement, and socialist political parties. In 1925, he organized and led the Brotherhood of sleeping car Porters, the first predominantly African-American labor unit. (The Brotherhood of sleeping Car Porters (BSCP) was, in 1925, the first labor organization led by African Americans to receive charter in the American Federation of labor (AFL)). He was a trade unionist and civil-rights leader who was a dedicated and persistent leader in the struggle for justice and parity for the black American community. In 1963, Randolph aimed to obtain government sponsorship of black jobs. Although his goal was overshadowed by the demands of the southern civil rights movement, Randolph's understanding of the economic needs of blacks predated the riots that drew the nation's attention to them.
        
        Hallie Quinn don't have a birth date because she was the daughter of slaves and was a slave.It is between 1845 and 1855. She went to college in South Carolina and Ohio. Then short after she graduated she became the dean of Allen University. Then she went back to school in Dayton, Ohio and then she got to placement of lady principal(dean of women) in Alabama. She helped promote colored women's league. She got to travel and got to meet Queen Victoria of Great Britain. She was a firm activist in women's suffrage and full citizenship for all women. Even through all she had to endured during this time she accomplished all she wanted to in her life.
        
        link to www.google.com
      - Rudolph Fisher
        1897-1934
        Fisher graduated from Classical High School and went on to study English and biology at Brown University. Fisher went on to have great success in both literature and the medical field.
        Throughout his career, Fisher also had an interest in Pan-Africanism, which is a movement that aims to strengthen unity between all African Americans. Fisher promoted colonized Africans to elect their own governments as a prerequisite for complete social, economical, and political emancipation.
        “The rhythm persisted, the unfaltering common meter of blues, but the blueness itself, the sorrow, the despair, began to give way to hope.”