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Parts of a Volcano (Nuée Ardante (Highly destructive, fast-moving,…
Parts of a Volcano
Nuée Ardante
Highly destructive, fast-moving, incandescent mass of gas-enveloped particles
⇨ Gases include superheated carbon dioxide
Subsidiary Cone
When there is great pressure inside the vent, or the creates is blocked, magma is forced to the surface by an alternative route
Where it exits the volcano, it produces a subsidiary cone
Ash and volcanic bombs
Ash is fine but dense - when it is spewed out of the volcano, it can fall heavily and damage buildings
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Magma Chamber
Molten rock is stored underground.
When pressure builds up, the magma rises out of the vent as lava
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Pyroclastic flow
Fluidised masses of rock fragments and ash + lava debris as well as gases that are ejected explosively from a volcano
⇨ Forms thick, grey/black turbulent clouds (as an eruption column collapses)
Lahar
Mud flows that develop when volcanic debris mixes with water or snow that is released by pyroclastic flows, or when a pyroclastic flows/surge dilutes itself with river water as it travels downhill or with rainwater on loose material such as ash.