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Unit 8: Termination of Counselling Relationships (Functions of …
Unit 8: Termination of Counselling Relationships
Functions of
termination
1- Indicates that something is over.
2- Opportunity for CL to practice what he learned in real world
3- Reminder that CL has developed (matured)
Termination
Final stage of counseling
Marks close of relationship
Mutual or unilateral decision
Timing
of termination
4 questions:
1- Has CL achieved behavioral, cognitive or affective contract goals?
2- Can CL concretely show where they made
progress in what they wanted to accomplish?
3- Is the counselling relationship helpful?
4- Has the context of the initial counselling
arrangement changed?
Issues of termination
Termination of
individual sessions
Clear time limit: 45-50 min
Two factors:
1- Both CL + CCC should know that session is about to end
2- No new material introduced in ending part of the session
Five strategies:
1- Short statement
2- Non-verbal gestures
3- Timer to ring at 40 min
4- Summarizing session
5- Next RDV
Termination of counselling relationship
4/6 considerations:
determine if /
evaluate if /
examine if :
1- CL initial problem/symptoms decreased or stopped
(2- Stress-producing feelings that brought client to counselling stopped)
3- CL’s ability to cope and his level of understanding of himself and of others
(4- CL can relate better to others and is able to love and be loved)
5- CL has learned abilities to plan and work productively
6- CL can better play and enjoy life
Fading
Sessions are scheduled further apart
CL get less reinforcement from CCC for certain behaviors
Unnatural structures used to create changes are reduced
Resistance to termination
Client resistance
2 client
behaviors:
1- Asking for more time
at end of session
2- Asking for more sessions
once goal been reached
5 ways CCC can help CL
avoid resisting termination:
1- Making termination slow and gradual
2- Decreasing frequency of sessions
3- Emphasize CL skills, abilities
and resources
4- Set limited number of
future sessions
5- Establish strategies with CL
to prevent relapse
Reasons:
Pain of earlier loss
Loneliness
Unresolved grief
Fear of having to be self-reliant
Counsellor resistance
Reasons:
Need for gratification
Fear of rejection
CL with special needs
Very productive CL
3 strategies:
1- Acknowledge difficulty of letting go
of certain CL
2- Consult with colleagues to discuss this pb
3- Undertake CC to solve the pb
Premature
termination
(client-initiated)
Not nb of sessions
CL terminate without:
having achieved goals
established at beginning
having made
significant progress
Counsellor-initiated termination
Reasons:
Illness
Countertransference issues
Relocation to another area
End of internship
Realization that client needs would
be better served by someone else
Ending on positive note
4 guidelines:
1- Be aware of CL’s needs and desires and allow
CL time to express them
2- Review the major events of the counselling
experience and bring the review into the present
3- Supportively acknowledge the changes CL
has made
4- Request follow-up contact
Referral and Recycling
Recycling
Alternative to termination
CCC thinks that although the CC process hasn’t worked yet, there might be another way to make it work
CCC + CL review all phases of therapeutic process: goals, strategy chosen
Referral
Redirect CL to another counsellor
Reasons:
CCC doesn’t know how to handle CL’s problem
CCC is inexperienced in a certain area
Incompatible personalities
How, when and who
How: maximize chances CL will follow
When: timing
Who: person to whom sending CL