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AGV (Abalone Viral Ganglioneuritis) (affect the nervous system of abalone,…
AGV (Abalone Viral Ganglioneuritis)
affect the nervous system of abalone
infection with abalone herpesvirus (AbHV)
affects both blacklip and greenlip abalone and hybrids of the two
MORTALITY
high in Victorian wild stocks but have not occured in Tasmanian wild stocks
:alarm_clock:highly pathogenic with rapid onset of less than 48 hours and death in less than 6 days
:100:100% mortality of the abalone if they are infected
PATHOGENICITY
How does AVG spread??
:eye::the virus can spread from abalone to abalone through physical contact or
:sweat_drops:sharing water with other abalone
:shell:spread to healthy abalone by offal, mucus, shells, contaminated fishing equipment or people who have been handling abalone
:red_circle:mucus from abalone is main vector which the disease can spread
:smile:virus thought to survive a short time unprotected in the water column or out of water
:red_flag:AVG replicates in the ganglion nerve and impairs the function of the nervous system of the abalone
:gorilla:affected abalone are unable to move about or hold on
:flushed:they find it impossible to feed or maintain being attached to their home site rocks
:neutral_face:Then abalone fall off and are eaten by predators or die and rot on the bottom
SYMPTOMS
Sign of disease
:blowfish:inflammation of the nervous tissue
:sweat:swollen and protruding of the mouthparts
:sweat_drops:excess mucus production
:deciduous_tree:decomposition of the meat eventually leading to exposure of clean shell
:red_flag:infected animal loosing muscle controls
:large_blue_circle:large amounts of intact moribund abalone
DIAGNOSTIC METHOD
:check:AbHV-specific real time PCR
:check:histological analyses-in situ hybridization
TREATMENT
:explode:Chemical treatment
:curly_loop:non-ionic surfactant impress (1% and 5%)
:champagne:Buffodine (50ppm)
:capricorn:calcium hypochloride for infectious water(5, 10, 15, 20 ppm)
CONTROL & PREVENTION
:<3:Vaccination
:<3:Chemotherapy
:<3:Immunostimulatio
:<3:Resistance breeding
:<3:Restocking with the resistance species
:<3:Blocking agents
:<3:Disinfections of eggs and larvae