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Independence in Cuba (Population (Discontent (Ways in which to express…

- - - - Linked to Spanish authorities
      - Spanish people live there
      - End of slave trade is a problem
        
        Constantly needed new slaves
    - - Small holdings wanted end of slave trade- fear of 2nd Haiti
        
        Some slaves but not main source of income
        
        1865 Cuban creole elites demanded tariff reform, Cuban representation in Parliament, equality with Spaniards and slave trade ban enforcement
        
        No results - leads to 10 Years War - don't publish results of investigation
- - - - Exiled to the US for a second time
        
        Mobilized Cuban exile society
        
        Used anarchist and Communist movements
      - Demands:
        
        Independence
        
        Against US annexation
        
        Racial equality
    - - Demonstrations in Spain against war
    - - US yellow journalism blames Spanish
        
        Public want war, US gets involved
    - - Wanted to annexe Cuba
      - Did not allow Cubans an opportunity to be involved in the peace talks or to sign treaty
      - US could occupy - no time limit
      - Also invaded Phillipines and Puerto Rico and won them
        
        Last remaining Spanish colonies
  - - - Started by Cry of Yara declaring independence of Cuba by Manuel Cespedes
      - Demands/wrote own constituion - similar to US
        
        Constitutional government
        
        Abolition of slavery
        
        End Spanish power
      - Leader, Cespedes, wanted to become a state of the US - some disagreed
      - Soldiers
        
        Mambises
        
        Used guerrilla tactics
        
        "Mambises" intended to be a racial slur - reclaimed
        
        Named after black Spanish soldier who fought against Spanish
      - War ends in truce
        
        Slaves who fought on both sides were freed
        
        All important leaders died
        
        Important in creating and cementing Cuban identity
    - - Continuation of 10 Years War
      - Little international support ant money
        
        Expected support from British and did not get it
      - Cuba could send representative to Cortes and constitution was applied but very little changed
        
        Attempt to make people accept that Cuba would always be Spanish
        
        Released some revolutionary leaders
        
        Relaxed some policies
- - - - Initially wanted a peaceful actions - Quakers and Evangelicals
    - - Coming to power of liberal party in Spain
- - - - In Cuba slaves outnumbered white people
      - Neighbour
    - - But failure of economy afterwards held us an example of inferiority
- - - - Haiti no longer competition
      - After Britain abolishes slavery in 1830s production of sugar in their colonies in the West Indies goes down
      - 1860s - symptoms of sugar economy being less effective, not working as well