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Forces and Motion (Safety on the road (Factors affecting thinking distance…
Forces and Motion
Safety on the road
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Crumple zones = crumple on impact, increases the time it takes for the car to stop
Seat belts = increase the time taken for the wearer to stop, reduces the forces acting on the chest
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Distance - time graphs
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The steeper the line, the faster speed of the object
When the line is horizontal, the object is stationary
When the line is straight, the object is travelling at a constant speed
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Forces
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Vector and scalar
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Scalar
Only has magnitude
Displacement, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum
Falling Objects
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- Weight is the only force causing them to accelerate downwards
- As the velocity increases, the air resistance also increases, reducing the resultant force meaning a lower rate of increase of velocity.
- Air resistance is now equal to weigh, there is no resultant force and so no change in velocity = terminal velocity.
Terminal velocity = the constant speed that a free falling object reaches when the resistance prevents further acceleration
Newtons 1st and 2nd law
1st law
As longs as the forces on an object are all balanced, then it will just stay still, or else if it's already moving it'll just carry on at the same velocity.
2nd law
If there is an unbalanced force, then the object will accelerate in that direction
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