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Exchange surfaces (The mammalian gaseous exchange system (Cartilage,…
Exchange surfaces
The mammalian gaseous exchange system
Cartilage
Ciliated epithelium
Goblet cells
Smooth muscles
Elastic fibres
Trachea
Bronchi
Brionchioles
The relationship
Vital capacity
Tidal volume
Breathing rate
Oxygen uptake
The need for specialized exchange surfaces
SA:V
Metabolic activity
Uni- Multicellular organisms
The features
Increased SA- roots hair cells
Thin layers- alveoli
Good blood supply/ Ventilation to maintain gradient- gills, alveoli
The mechanism of ventilation
Ribcage
Intercostal muscles
Diaphragm
The mechanism of ventilation
Bony fish
buccal cavity;operculum; gill filaments; gill lamella
Insects
spiracles; trachea; thoracic and abdominal movement; tracheal fluid