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TEACHING TEENAGERS ENGLISH (Teaching Pronunciation skill (Speech Pathology…
TEACHING TEENAGERS ENGLISH
Cultural differences and understanding
Body languages and gestures:
There are some body languages and gestures that could be misinterpreted or found offensive, so teachers need to research before class.
Dress code:
The way a teach dress is a big concern in many countries and it also reflects professionalism
Asking questions
: In some cultures, asking question while learning means that the teacher is doing something wrong.
Making mistakes and correction
: Many students will find it is very embarrassed to make mistakes or to be corrected in front of other people.
Eye contacts
: Most students refuse to make eye contacts with their teachers. In western cultures, this is a sign of being inattentive. But in many other cultures, making direct eye contact is a sign of disrespect.
Active listening skills:
In some countries, students are taught to use models or observation in learning. Therefore, they don't use active listening skills to understand concepts.
Physical development of the student
Physical changes of puberty
Boys with late development will be more at risk of being teased or bullied, less interested in activities.
Circadian clock resets: Stay up and get up later than before.
Teenagers are uncomfortable and sensitive.
Academic development of the student
Having strong oral skills in mother language but not too good at speaking English
English academic levels
Some may be orally proficient but not academically proficient in English
Some have little or no English academic knowledge
Teenagers needs to do double works: using English to develop their academic knowledge in variety (mathematics, literature, science, history,...)
Appropriate use of idioms and slang
Importance of idioms and slang
Students can improve their English communication skills in daily situations
Students will not only study the language but also know more about the cultures.
Students will approach the language in a new way which is different from vocabulary, grammars and formal English they study at school.
Teaching idioms and slang
Writing a dialogue using idioms and slang based on the topic of the lessons, then role-play.
Introducing some idioms and slang in songs or movies.
Using idioms in sentences of situations to make the meaning clear, or letting the students find out the meaning from a paragraph.
Some idioms and slang for teenagers
Under the weather: someone is ill or gloomy.
Stick your nose into something: to interfere
Let the cat out of the bag: reveal a secret
= to spill the bean
hit the book: begin to study hard.
tip of the iceberg: how the non-visible part of icebergs under water is bigger than the visible part.
Once in a blue moon: Rarely
Butterflies in my stomach: to be nervous
Motivation and encouragement for the student
Intrinsic motivation: coming from within the learner, it is when you do something because you are interested in it.
Extrinsic motivation: coming from outside. It is when you doing something because of external reasons or avoiding bad results.
Importance of motivation: motivation makes students engage more in class activities, enhance efficiency in studying; brings more effort and energy to the students, etc
.
Team work and preparation in the classroom
Teamwork in classroom
For students:
Students can learn to solve the problems and conflicts when working with others
Develop their creativity and critical thinking skills
Students can have deep understanding in what they have been taught.
Students can also improve others skills skills such as leadership, communication, and conflict management besides studying.
Students can learn to take more responsibility in working.
For teachers:
Teachers have more time to evaluate students and see their improvement.
Teachers can apply many teaching styles and activate many learning styles.
It is easier to see each student's difficulty and help them deal with it.
Understanding Prof. Rassias methodology for students
"The best way to learn a second language is to speak it and to live it; to involve both your intellect and your emotions."
http://www.rassias.com/the-method
It involves students in every activity of the lesson, creates more energy and passion in the class, enhances students' creativity and wakes their brain up.
It reflect the way a child first learn its mother language.
It makes students feel free of fear or making mistakes.
Teachers have to create an environment in which students will speak and think in English, and they are active participants in the class, not only observers.
Learning will become more exciting, fun, creative and interesting.
Teaching Pronunciation skill
Speech Pathology
Word stress
Choral drilling
IPA
Minimal pairs
Voice and voiceless sounds
Silent letters
Tongue twisters
Record and listen your own voice
Sing a song correctly
Teaching Listening skill
Sách viết kỹ
Teaching Speaking skill
Need a lot of pair works and group works
Focus on one topic per lesson
Types of speaking
Role-plays
Discussions
Student biography exchanges
Teaching Reading skill
Practicing reading skill in 6 steps
Predicting the content of a text before reading
Scanning the text for specific details
Identifying a text type and the purpose of reading
Establishing the context for a reading text
Guessing the meaning of words from the context.
Skimming a text for the main ideas.
How to teach reading skill effectively
Appropriate materials
Appropriate formal patterns: school announcement, advertisement, e-magazines, etc.
Literary works for teens
Real trending materials: social networks...
Extended practice
Too often we complete a reading and then don’t revisit it. However, related activities in vocabulary, grammar, comprehension questions, and discussion increase the processing of the reading and boost student learning.
Teaching Writing skill
Appropriate writing prompts
Encourage creativity
Sentence structure, grammar point, vocabulary words
Sources
The five features of effective writing, By Kathleen Cali and Kim Bowen
To Teach Effective Writing, Model Effective Writing
Teaching Grammar skill
What to teach
parts of speech
conjunctions
tenses
prepositions and phrasal verbs
idioms and slangs
clauses and types of clauses
types of sentence
punctuation
Materials
Dialogues
Rules, formulae
Pictures
Realia
Lesson planning
Materials should include realia (videos, music, etc.) and worksheets
Lesson objectives/goals
Lesson outline/time schedule
Always have time for the unexpected
follow TESOL lesson plan framework
Activities
Balance between individual works and group works
Game planning
Balance between teaching and playing
Student age range and level
During class/teaching time, observe and reflect
Lesson is too short/too long?
Back-up plan
Students are not interested
Lesson is too hard/too easy
Lesson goal is inappropriate
Students have troubles with each other
you are speaking too fast? Instruction is too complicated?
Philosophy of Teaching
Language Acquisition
Purpose of learning ESL
Teaching styles and learning styles
Soft skills integration
Music and song used appropriately in the classroom
What do you use it for? What is your aims?
Vocabulary, grammar point, idioms, etc.
Youtube has everything, but you should prepare an offline version
Listen to the song multiple times, each time has different aim: the title, vocabulary, grammar, meaning of the song, etc.
Drama used appropriately in the classroom
Use textbook examples
Cons: Boring
Use teenager/young adult books
Trending stories
Create your own scenes based on lesson
Sources
12 Fascinating Ways to Use Drama in the Curriculum
The Benefits of Using Drama in the ESL/EFL Classroom
Video used appropriately in the classroom
Videos are usually used for teaching listening, vocabulary, pronunciation, etc.
Using videos in teaching English will attract students to the lessons, help them to know more about people, places, cultures around the world
Teachers should review the videos in advance before showing them to the students to make sure there will be no inappropriate context.
Approaches and Methods in the classroom
Behavior management in the classroom
Set rules and tell everyone so students aware of their behavior
Prevent the false action
Be patient and know that students especially teenagers need time to change their bad behavior
Develop relationship with students
Understanding students learning needs and goals
Teachers need to put the focus on the students and learning rather than the teacher and teaching methods.
Having clear objectives helps teachers choose appropriate methods and approaches of teaching
Knowing students learning needs and goals also helps to defining students strengths and weaknesses. Students can actively and excitingly participate in class activities because they know what exactly they are learning.
Setting clarifired criteria will help to focus on learning goals and needs.