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Periodic Table (Describe the pattern of the electrons in shells for the…
Periodic Table
Describe the pattern of the electrons in shells for the first 20 elements.
The number of protons in the atom of an element determines its place in the Periodic Table.
Atoms are arranged in ascending order of atomic (proton) number
The number of electrons in an atom is the same as the number of protons.
Electrons are arranged in shells at different distances around the nucleus.
As you work you way through the Periodic table the amount of electrons increases by one
hydrogen H 1
helium He 2
lithium Li 2 1
beryllium Be 2 2
boron B 2 3
carbon C 2 4
nitrogen N 2 5
oxygen O 2 6
fluorine F 2 7
neon Ne 2 8
sodium Na 2 8 1
magnesium Mg 2 8 2
aluminium Al 2 8 3
silicon Si 2 8 4
phosphorus P 2 8 5
sulfur S 2 8 6
chlorine Cl 2 8 7
argon Ar 2 8 8
potassium K 2 8 8 1
calcium Ca 2 8 8 2
Explain how the electronic arrangement of atoms follows a pattern up to the atomic number 20.
The way electrons are arranged in an atom is called the 'electronic structure'.
Because the protons increase by one so will the electrons.
Because atoms are arranged in ascending order of atomic (proton) number
Moving across each period, you can see that the number of shells is the same as the period number.
The charge also increases as you along the groups
Group 1 = +
Group 2 = 2+
Group 3 = 3+
Group 4 = none
Group 5 = 3-
Group 6 = 2-
Group 7 = -
Group 0 = No charge
Explain how the electronic arrangements of transition metal atoms put them into a period.
Transition Elements have something called Paramagnetism
This is caused by the presence of unpaired electrons
However the transition elements does the follow the trend.
atoms are arranged in ascending order of atomic (proton) number
The period number is the same as the number of electron shells that are occupied.
