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Photosynthesis and Crop Production (The carbon cycle (Greenhouses (Rate of…
Photosynthesis and Crop Production
Photosythesis
Equations
Produces glucose using sunlight
carbon dioxide + water --(sunlight)--> glucose + oxygen
6CO2 + 6H2O --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
light --> chemical energy
Limiting factors
any variable that directly affect the rate which a reaction takes place. However, there will reach a point when the variable is no longer limiting (in excess)
Leaf adaptations
Thin = short diffusion distance
Large surface area = collect light for photosynthesis
Stomata = allows CO2 into leaf
Air spaces = large surface area for gas exchange
Plant requirments
MIneral ions = growth
Magnesium ions = chlorophyll
chlorophyll and nitrate ions = amino acids
Fertilisers contain minerals which help plants grow
The carbon cycle
Carbon enters the atmosphere as carbon dioxide from respiration + combustion
Carbon dioxide is absorbed by producers to make carbohydrates
Animals feed on the plant passing the carbon compounds along the food chain. Most of the carbon they consume is inhaled as carbon dioxide during respiration.
The dead organisms are eaten by decomposers and the carbon in their bodies is returned to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. In some conditions decomposition is blocked. The plant and animal material may then be available as fossil fuel in the future for combustion.
Greenhouses
Rate of photosynthesis can be increased using:
Artificial heating
artificial lighting
additional carbon dioxide released
regular watering
Polytunnels
Protect crops from the effects of weathering
increase rate of photsynthesis
Crop yield
Yield = total mass of the edible part of the crop
