Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
1.10 Fire Fighting Equipment n Sys (fire triangle (class of fire (A -…
1.10 Fire Fighting Equipment n Sys
fire triangle
oxygen
heat
fuel
at the present of spark, lowest explosion limit (LEL) n highest (UEL)
Fire Tetrahedron
continuous chain reaction supported by the fire triangle causes the fire to continue burning. Combustion is the chemical reaction that feeds a fire more heat and allows it to continue.
class of fire
A - solid materials (wood paper)
B - liq (oil fat paint)
C - electric gases (nat gas methane)
D - metals (magnesium sodium)
Extinguishment
Removing Oxygen
Cut off supply by covering fire with blanket, foam, sand, water etc
Place in airtight place /container etc
Removing Heat
Applying cool agent to lower the temperature like CO2, water, etc.
Removing Fuel
Let the fuel burnt off or cutoff the supply. –shut off the valve
This method of extinguishment usually will be very effective for gas and liquid fire where the supply of fuel is continuous.
Beside shutting off valve we can also reduce fuel quantity such as being practiced for tank fire
types of fire /explosion
Jet fire (gas fire) -Fire due to gas leak at high pressure
Pool fire - the combustion of flammable liquid pool
Flash fire (or deflagration), i.e. combustion of flammable gas but with insufficient flame speed to result in damaging over pressures
Spray fire, i.e. pressurized or flashing liquid spray fire
Explosion, i.e. combustion of flammable gas/vapor resulting in damaging over pressures
BLEVE - Boiling liquid expanding vapor explosion. Occur when a vessel containing a pressurized liquid is ruptured
Boil-over - Water at the bottom of tank on fire vaporize and fuel upward
Cellulosic fire involving wood, paper, etc.
“Electrical” fire involving control panels, etc
fire detection sys
Execute Actions
Extinguishing release
Damper closure
Water-based system
Fire pumps
Detect Fire Incipient or early stages
Manually
Automatically
Raise Alarm
Local/Remote
Sounders
Beacon
DCS
Conventional Smoke
Incipient Smoke
Conventional Heat
Linear Heat
Multisensory
Flame Detection
Video /CCTC
Portable Extinguishers
Readily available and visible Easy to operate
Appropriate to the risk/fire being protected
Available currently are in red color for all type of extinguishers
Checked regularly to ensure in good working order
Faulty extinguisher shall be replace immediately. Impairment Notice should be place at the location
pull pin
aim base of fire
squeeze top handle
sweep side to side
water
class A
foam
class A B
dry powder
class A B C except oils n fats
carbon dioxide
class B C
emergency
Tier1–Minor Emergency
A situation where the emergency response is within the control and capability of the OPU / JV / CPO.
Tier 2 –Major Emergency
A situation where the emergency response is within the control and capability of the OPU / JV / CPO with external assistance from response agencies and authorities.
Tier 3 –Crisis
A situation where the emergency response is beyond the control and capability of the OPU / JV / CPO in which the crisis requires involvement and management of external response agencies or authorities.
On Scene Commander(OSC)
OSC shall lead the ERT
Shift Supervisor/Platform Superintendent.
Shall be Person in-charge of that unit.
Trained and competent in emergency response.
Communicate with Operation Section Chief or IC.
Authorized to declare Tier 2 based on severity of the incident.
Primary Roles of Emergency Response Team(ERT)
Assess the situation, strategize and prioritize task.
Determine and isolate incident site into zones.
Determine staging area location for safe approach of responders /equipments.
Ensure response operations are carried out in a safe, well organized and effective manner.
Initiate personnel protection actions i.e. evacuation, traffic control, etc.