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ATHEROSCLEROSIS (ANTHEROGENESIS (LDL cholesterol transport into vessel…
ATHEROSCLEROSIS
ANTHEROGENESIS
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cytokine,growth factor release by activated factors,macrophages and endothelial cells cause proliferation of smooth muscle and deposition of connective tissue components
inflammatory fibroproliferative response-fibrous cap overlying lipid core=structure containing atheromatus plaque
Mechanism of action
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macrophages, cytokines, growth factors and reactive oxygen species cause further damage
endothelial dysfunction-loss of cytoprotective mediators (NO,PGI2 and endothelium derived hyperpolarising factors/EDHF)
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General
leads to vessel narrowing, occlusion and distal ischaemia
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hallmarks: activation of leukocytes and platelets, vascular smooth muscle hypertropy and modification and deposition of lipid
CHOLESTEROL
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isolated cholesterol is white, flaky solid
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STATINS
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Natural statins:lovastatin, mevastatin,simvastatin
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Endothelial dysfunction
exposure to anti-inflammatory mediators, cytokines, altered shear stress transforms epithelium in a pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic cell
risk factors: smoking, diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, poor diet, lack of exercise and diet
loss of anti-inflammatory, vasodilator and anti-thrombotic nature
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