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2a.4 How do physical factors affect the flows and stores in the carbon…
2a.4 How do physical factors affect the flows and stores in the carbon cycle, including temperature, vegetation, organic material in soil and mineral composition of rocks?
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Organic matter in soil
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Organic matter is not stored very well in the soil due to leaching due to run-off for high levels of precipitation. :rain_cloud:. However, storage will be better where there is impermeable rock as there is less leaching.
Amazon Soils - Latosols
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Fertility in the Amazon soils comes from the short nutirent cycle, decomposition is fast and plants grow rapidly. Otherwise, they will not get the nutrients before they are leached by heavy rainfall.
If vegetation is removed, the soils quickly become infertile and vulnerable to erosion.
Latosols are very permeable, though if forest cover is removed, the soil dries out rapidly and becomes impermeable
Amazon Soils
Under the forests are the ultisols that are composed mainly of kaolinite clay and minerals that are washed from above. It is acidic, contains primarily aluminium compounds and has limited minerals for plant growth.
The oxisols are found in some areas and are comprised of mainly kaolinite clay. This is sticky, thick clay that has almost no nutrients available for plants
Under the higher lands that do not flood, a soil type known as spoldsols is found. This is fairly sandy and acidic. Nutrients wash out easily, leaving little for plant use.
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