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Behavior and lifestyle (Depression (Ybarra and Mitchell 2005 (Almost one…

- - - - Thus, frequent PIS use
        was associated with adolescent conduct problems and social
        maladjustment.
        
        In contrast, frequent PIS use was significantly
        associated with Internet use exceeding 10 hours per
        week. However, both infrequent and frequent PIS use were
        associated with an elevated risk of borderline Internet use
        among adolescents. These findings agree with those indicating
        that frequent Internet use is associated with PIS use34 and
        consequent compulsive Internet use
        
        Thus, solely frequent PIS use is associated
        with behavioral and social maladjustment among adolescents.
        
        With regard to the YIAS, overall PIS users were more than
        twice as likely as non-PIS users to have borderline Internet
        use
        
        Hunter et al
        
        Another way that these developmental influences may exert
        their effect is through the direct modeling of antisocial
        behaviors, as by early and inappropriate exposure to violent and pornographic stimuli and presumably to antisocial role
        models, which may play a role in the development of
        unhealthy, antagonistic, and adversarial antisocial strategies,
        and in interfering with the development of normal, healthy,
        mutualistic, and cooperative prosocial strategies.
        
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- - - - There was a
        trend for a higher proportion of violent pornography consumption among
        frequent users (13%) compared with average users (7%) and nonfrequent
        users (4%), p= 0.057. Furthermore, frequent users reported more experience
        of looking at BDSM (frequent users 15%, average users 5%, nonfrequent
        users 5%), p= 0.004.
        
        The main findings of this thesis were that frequent use was associated with
        lifestyle problems, such as the use of alcohol and a sedentary lifestyle to a
        higher extent than with sexual experiences and physical symptoms.
        
        Male frequent users of pornography more often reported peer-relationship
        problems than their peers. Male frequent users spent a considerably greater amount of time at the computer,
        reported use of alcohol last 12 months to a higher extent and were
        twice as likely to report obesity compared with peers. In the whole group of
        participating boys, 21% reported being overweight or obese
        
        Frequent use was
        associated with lifestyle problems, such as the use of alcohol and a sedentary
        lifestyle to a higher extent than with sexual experiences and physical symptoms.
        In the longitudinal analyses frequent use of pornography was more
        associated to psychosomatic symptoms compared with depressive symptoms.
        Furthermore, a higher proportion of frequent users reported peerrelationship
        problems. When comparing pornography-consuming boys and
        girls we found no differences regarding fantasies about trying sexual acts
        observed in pornography or sexual acts inspired by pornography. Regardless
        of sex, perceptions of pornography were generally more positive among
        consumers than non-consumers. However, when comparing all girls and
        boys, boys were generally more positive about pornography.
        
        These results imply that almost all adolescents are affected by messages and
        ideals conveyed by pornography, voluntarily or involuntarily, to a varied
        extent.
- - - - To summarize the results, we saw that adolescent heavy users of the Internet for pornography
        were more likely to report weaker social integration in terms of religious beliefs, school, society
        and family.
        
        We may conclude that in relation to social
        involvement in society, lack of social integration in society is a risk factor of both frequent search
        for X-rated material on the Internet and aggressive behaviour at school.
        
        The main implications of the results are that despite the wide availability of pornographic
        material on the Internet its consumption at high frequency is more a characteristic of troubled
        adolescents who lack a sense of being part of the society and positive attitudes to school, and
        report problematic relations with their families.
        
        The second factor is social bonding, as adolescents using the Internet for pornography appear
        less socially integrated and more socially marginal. They express less commitment to their families,
        fewer pro-social attitudes, and less attachment to school than their fellows who do not use the
        Internet for that purpose
- - - - Delinquent behavior was reported four times more
        often by pornography seekers, with 48% of online
        478 YBARRA AND MITCHELL
        seekers and 42% of offline seekers reporting this behavior
        in the previous year,
        
        Twice as
        many online seekers (11%) reported clinical features
        of major depression compared to offline (4%)
        and non-seekers
        
        Youth who reported a poor emotional
        bond with their caregiver were twice as likely also
        to report online-seeking behavior versus otherwise
        similar youth who reported a strong emotional
        bond
        
        These
        young people are 3.5 times as likely also to report
        clinical features of major depression and 2.4 times
        as likely also to report a poor emotional bond with
        their caregiver.
        
        On the other hand, some
        online exposures may be more explicit or in some
        other way disturbing, and this may contribute to
        one’s depression.
        
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