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Cell Structure and Function (Therory (By: Schwann, Scheiden, and Virchow,…
Cell Structure and Function
Plant
Cell Wall
Cell Membrane
Rough ER
Ribosomes (attached)
Nuclear envolope
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Chromatin
Nuclear Pores
Mitochondrion
Golgi Apparatus
Ribosomes (free floating)
Smooth ER
Chloroplasts
Animal
Cell Membrane
Vacuole
Smooth ER
Golgi Apparatus
Centrioles
Rough ER
Ribosomes (attached)
Nuclear envolope
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Nuclear pores
Chromatin
Ribosomes (free floating)
Mitochondrion
How do we see and study them?
Microscopes
Light
Compound
Disecting
Electron
Discovery
Robert Hooke
1665
Observed cork with early compound microscope
Therory
By: Schwann, Scheiden, and Virchow
All living things are composed of cells
Cells are the structural & functional unit of life
New cells come from the division of existing cells
Classifications
Prokaryotic Cells (bacteria)
ancient and simple
Do not have DNA orginzed in a nucleus
No membrane bound organelles
except for ribosomes
unicellular
Eukaryotic cells
protein producing 'factory'
~200 types in a human
can be uni and multicellular
Generally more complex
DNA organized in chromosomes in a nucleus
Most are in groups
Endsosymbiotic Theory
Developed by Lynn
Single-celled organisms engulfed other smaller single celled organisms
Digestion did not occur, Organisms lived symbiotically
Over millions of generations, engulfed
organisms became organelles
Evidence
Mitochondria and Chloroplasts have their own DNA and divide independently from the cell