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Video Games
Video Games
History
PCs
Commodore 64 featured color graphics and Atari controllers
EA is founded in 1982
games were an important selling point of PCs for consumers
1980: D&D first multiplayer game
Everquest came out in 1999, defining MMORPGs
Origins
Arguably the oldest form of entertainment
first 'video game'-> on television screen: Chase (1967)
first 'digital games': 'Naughts and Crosses' (1952) or 'Spacewar!' (1962)
Spacewar-> Computer Space: first widely available arcade game-> Bushnell who went on to found Atari
second great crash: 1983
glut of consoles
price war among console makers
competition from PCs and independent developers
hastily designed and unoriginal games
next generation of consoles
3rd gen: Nintendo Entertainment System (NES): innovative control pad; sold at a loss but made profits on software
4th gen: mid-1980s
built-in CD players
5th gen: faster, but overpriced; featured 3D graphics-> Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
6th gen: 1999 higher resolution graphics and Iternet gaiming; PS2 and XBox
Popularization
first boom: release of a second arcade game by Bushnell in 1972, Pong
games entered the home to capitalize on the arcade game craze
first home video console: Odyssey in 1972
first great crash: 1977
introduction of second-generation consoles (e.g. Atari 2600)
introduced the cartridge model, allowing game companies to produce new games players could enjoy without buying new hardware
encouraged independent developers
'Pong' imitations
Handheld games
pioneered in 1976 by Mattel
took off with the Game Boy in 1989
Threat to society
congressional hearings in 1993
rating system-> turned into the Electronic Software Review Board
distraction from school
first complaint in regards to violence: 1976 Death Race 2000
improved graphics of 3rd gen-> more graphic violence
gender stereotypes
now
new business models
freemium
ads placed in games
crowdsourced games
2014: digital sales outnumbered physical copies
production budgets are rising as expectations of games are increasing
blockbuster mentality & sequels