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Chemistry States of Matter (Diffusion (Happens quicker in gases due to…
Chemistry
States of Matter
Solids
Cannot flow
Cannot be compressed
Fixed shape
Fixed volume
Low density
Particles ordered/ arranged in rows & columns (unless not pure)
Vibrate in fixed positions
Liquids
Flows
Does not compress
easily
No fixed shape
Fixed volume
Quite high density
Solid heated, particles gain energy & become disordered
Able to move over one another, whilst still touching
Now a LIQUID
Gases
Flows
Can be compressed
No fixed shape
No fixed volume
High density
Liquid heated , particles gain
EVEN MORE energy
Particles move around faster, no longer touching
Now a GAS
The Particle Model
Solid to liquid = melting
Liquid to solid = freezing
Liquid to gas = boiling
Gas to liquid = condensing
Solid to gas = subliming
Gas to solid = subliming/deposition
Melting point - solid to liquid
Boiling point - liquid to gas
Diffusion
Movement of particles that allows them to spread out and mix with other particles
For diffusion to happen - particles need to be moving - this is why there is no diffusion in solids
Happens quicker in gases due to the less amount of particles & that they are faster & less dense.
It will happen even quicker in hot gases.
A gas starts in high concentration - then diffuses (spreads out) to areas with low concentration of the gas.
When chemicals are let loose in a room the particles mix with air particles. The chemicals’ particles move quickly in all directions. They eventually spread out through the room.
Can be diffusion in liquids too
Because the particles in liquids move around each other, but slower than a gas - making liquid diffusion slower.
Higher molecular mass - meaning liquid/gas is heavier
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