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Motives for European Imperialism (Cultural motives (Europeans felt that…
Motives for European Imperialism
Cultural motives
Europeans felt that they had higher rank and class than non-european people, especially they thought they were better than non-European people since their races and beliefs were different.He also believed that their accomplishment would aid in improving the government's civilization.
Some Europeans trusted that they were biologically higher in rank than Asians and Africans.
Most Europeans thought that what they were doing was right, since they had a right to teach under ranked people about the government and customs, including religious practices, they thought it was noble of them to do so.
Many Europeans taught African people since they considered it as a duty, and it was referred to as " A white man's burden".
Charles Darwin's theory of the natural selection between races and nations was often followed by defenders of empiricism. Darwin believed that the humans who apply their duties will live on by their ancestors.
Social Darwinism followed Charle's theory where some people were considered more superior than others, based on their achievements. This concept even followed the idea that stronger nation shall over power weaker ones.
Cicil Rhodes believed that the social Darwinism was very kind of them to do, and that they were considered as one of the best human races since they developed inferior nations and races.
Economic interests
-Before 1800s several European Countires gained from the slave trade in Africa.After some nations passed laws ended the slave trade, Europeans looked to Africa instead as a source for raw materials.
-During the Industrial Revolution, Europeans needed materials such as coal and metals to manufacture goods.These needs fueled Europeans’ desire for land with plentiful natural resources—resources that were available in Africa.
-To gather these natural resources, European entrepreneurs, or independent businesspeople, developed their own mines, plantations, and trading routes.
-Sometimes the entrepreneurs would call on their home countries to protect their economic interests from European competitors.
-In this way, the drive for colonization sometimes came from ambitious individuals, rather than from European governments.
Political Motives
Imperialism in Africa reflected struggles for power in Europe
the feud between France and Britain
France gained control of West and Central Africa.
Britain began to expand to block the French
Germany and Italy became more powerful
Both nations jumped into the race for colonies to assert their status as great powers.
European politicians felt that that controlling other colonies would give them more power and respect from other leaders.