Unit 6: Philosophy
What is Philosophy?
Provide us important ideas about the Nature, types of knowledges,
A method related to knowledge.
To love wisdom
To be a philosopher is to love wisdom.
not possession of wisdom but a search for it.
Philosophy and cognitive psychology
Conceptual inquiry dealing with fundamental issues relating to life issues relating to life, knowledge and values.
A focus on the philosophy of the mind
Interested in issues related to Epistemology
Rationalist
Empiricist
Rationalist
The mind is primary source of knowledges.
truth can be discovered by reason and factual analysis.
Thinking it is the only thing that cannot be doubted.
deduction as a method.
All ideas in our minds does not come from our senses but exists from birth (innate)
They were already in our mind at birth.
Empiricist
All ideas come to us through experience and sensation.
knowledge is essentially empiricial.
Have innate/that anything is knowable prior to any experience
Mind at birth is a blank slate.
Generally regarded as being at the heart of the modern scientific method, that our theories should be based on our observation of the worls rather than on intuition /faith.
Rationalism & Empiricism
Fundamental source of human knowledge, and the proper techniques for verifying what we think we know.
The Mind-Body problem
Problem of explaining the relationship between the mind (mental process) and body (bodily process/ brain)
Some attempts to address this problem
Dualism
Materialist view
Psychophysical parallelism
The Chinese Room Arguement
Monads-does not influenced each other.
one monad causes something , other monads are created in such a way to display the effects of that cause.
Philosophy & Neuroscience
Left hemisphere controlled the right hand.
About the brain
Left brain-talking
Right brain-writing
Right hemisphere controlled the left hand, left hand can write
Split brain
right and left hemisphere
Appears to have 2 brains
Phantom limbs-brain controlled
cannot be expressed verbally
impact of brain damage
consciousness
Mindblindness
Autism
Asperger's syndrome
Mental states- something that can see
Philosophy & Linguistics
English is better for learning
If we know 2 languages, one language represent better than other language.
So, some language is better for learning than others.
Thought affect language
Language influenced our thought.
Thought in the brain represented by language
However, language is NOT thought.
The meaning of a word/concept depending on context.
Philosophy & AI
Consciouness
Emergence
emerges as the components in humans /in machines interact with each other.
In humans, intelligence is a property that emerges from neurological functions.
Intelligence is evaluated by behavior
provides new perspective on modelling intelligence in machines.
Embodies
not placed inside the machine by an outside force
using a generate and test strategy
contact with the environment in which it is situated
Examples of Emerging Intelligence
Microrobot Ants
Project Kismet
seems human in ways other than it appearing intelligent, especially in the area of emotions
communicate with one another through infrafed emitters.
Consciouness
can be considered as an emergent property arising out of the complex functioning of the human brain.
more fruitfully regarded as an emergent quality arising from parallel functioning of complex systems.
Robot consciousness is impossible as robots are strictly material & consciousness requires immaterial mind stuff.
Consciousness can exist only in an organic brain& robots are by definition not organic.
Human are enormously complex. Robots can never be conscious as they are too simple.
solving the puzzle of machine intelligence and consciousness can hopefully give us answers to our own human intelligence and consciousness
Based on parent-infant interactions.