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Personality (Psychodynamic theories (The Neo-Freudian and Later…
Personality
Psychodynamic theories
The Neo-Freudian and Later Psychodynamic Theorists
Karen Horney
Carl Jung
Alfred Adler
Assessing Unconscious Processes
Projective test
Rorschach inkblot test
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
FREUD’S IDEA OF THE MIND’S STRUCTURE
Defense Mechanisms
Defense mechanisms: function indirectly and unconsciously.
Repression: underlies all other defense mechanisms.
Ego: protects itself with tactics that reduce and redirect anxiety by reality distortion
Personality Structure
Superego: Focuses on ideal behavior.
Id: Operates on pleasure principle.
Ego: Operates on reality principle.
Evaluating Freud’s Psychoanalytic Perspective and Modern Views of the Unconscious
Humanistic theories
Carl Rogers’ Person-Centered Perspective
Abraham Maslow’s Self-Actualizing Person
Assessing the Self
Evaluating Humanistic Theories
Criticisms
Influences
Trait theories
Assessing Traits
Personality inventory
Exploring Traits
Stigma of introversion
Factor analysis
Biology and personality
The Big Five Factors
Do traits reflect differing brain structure?
Have these traits changed over time?
How heritable are they?
How well do these traits apply to various cultures?
How stable are these traits?
Do the Big Five traits predict our actual behaviors?
Social-cognitive theories
Assessing Behavior in Situations
Personalities help create situations to which people react.
Personalities shape how people interpret and react to events.
Different people choose different environments.
Reciprocal Influences