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Stratification and social class (Historical stratification (Slavery: one…
Stratification and social class
Historical stratification
Slavery: one stratum owned another (illegal)
Caste: given at birth & cannot change. Interaction between stratum is discouraged
Estates: clergy, commoner (could work way up)
Social class: strata sharing common economic resources
Theories of stratification
Marxist: struggle between two classes. Capitalists that own means of production and proletariats that labour and are exploited by capitalists.
Stratification theory (Weber): conflict over power and resources. Multi-dimensional - class (ownership of means of production & market position), status (lifestyles as a marker) and party (relative power)
Stratification theory (Bourdieu): power is determined by social(friends and contacts) symbolic (reputation), cultural (education and consumption styles) and economic (property and income) capital.
Measures of social class (Goldthorpe):
Market position: job security and pay level
Work situation: level of power and autonomy
Chan & Goldthorpe
Lifestyles and cultural consumption linked to status more than class
Gender and stratification
Goldthorpe's 'conventional' positioning where woman is the same class as father, and then husband.
New approach: dominant breadwinner - partner in higher class is now used to classify a household.
Social mobility: movement between strata
Lateral mobility: geographical, or within same group
Vertical mobility: moving up or down
Intragenerational mobility: people moving up or down social ladder during their life course
Intergenerational mobility: how children's stratum is related to family
Great Gatsby Curve
Stronger stratification = intragenerational mobility. Harder for children to climb economic ladder as reproducing into next gen