The Iberian Peninsula during the Early Middle Ages

Political developments

Dependent emirate ( 711 - 756 )

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The muslims conquest the Visigothic kingdom due to

Córdoba Caliphate (929-1031)

The end of the visigothic kingdom

Desintegration

Efficiency

Measures

Alianz

They have conquest allmost all the peninsula

territories that they conquist became part of te emirate

know as Ál-andalus

Independent emirate ( 756 - 929 )

Abderramán escaped from Damascus to Ál-andalus

Name himself an independent emirate

Abderraman

name himself

The taifa kingdoms ( 1031- 1085)

Internal fight

Caliphate divided

into small

North Faricna empires ( 1085-1212)

Almoravids and almohads

invaded taifa kingdoms

Economy

Agriculture

in christian kingdom

kingdoms

called taifas

Livestock

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in Al-andalus

main economic activity

non-irrigated crops

cereals

wheat

new irrigation systems

new crops

(vegetables, rice, cotton, sugar cane, citrus fruit....)

subsistence

low productions

they only produtc

what they need for live

crops rotation

in christian kingdom

in Al-andalus

they do

sheep farming

bee kinping

pidgeon breding

they do

sheep farming

Trade

they only trade

they exported

crafwork

oil vine

imported

animal skins

gold

weapons

luxury produtcs

metals

with neigbour empires

Society

in christian kingdom

in Al-andalus

there were divided

MUSLIMS:

arabs

berbers

mozarabs

NON-MUSLIMS:

muladies

jews

slaves

there were divided in

NOBLES:

owners of the land

titles given by

the monarch

PEASSANTS:

vassals:

belonged to the nobles

live

work

in their lands

Free peassants

Culture

Córdoba

cultural center

Arabic

official lenguage

new sciences and arts

astronomy

history

geometry

philosophy

literaturre

maths

medicine

Kingdom of Pamplona

in 824

appears

the kingdom of Pamplona

later

the kingdom of Navarra

loyal to caliphate of córdoba

until the end of 10th

independence

allianze between kingodoms

beginig of 11th

sancho III

maximun size

Aragón and Castilla

we he died the dominions divided

Kingdom of Asturias

Alfonso I

he moved the Galicia

Conquest the North meseta

Alfonso III

he conquerd

Oporto and Coimbra

when he died

the territories divided in

León

Asturias

Galicia

León

became more important

with the unifyqued

capital moved

from Oviedo to León

built castles

to defend from

muslims

kingdom of Castilla

1065

Pyrenean zone: Hispanic march

Catalan counties

caliphate

Rodrgo

was the king

but some nobles

don't like him

and called

muslims

to kill him

Rodrigo confort themm

in th batle

of Guadalette

Rodrigo died

muslims won

more Berbers and Arabs came

and jointed

to Tariq's army

almost all

the peninsula conquest

resistance in the North

Pelayo

defeated them

in the batlle

of Coavdonga

722

aplied

to

Jews

and

Christians

of

the

Visigoth

army

muslims

soldiers

(motivated

for their

faith)

of some

nobles

in the

Visigothic

kingdom

capital

Córdoba

County of Aragón

Hispanic march

territories

central and earstern

Pyrenees

controled by

Charlemagne

most important

Barcelona

9th century

broke away

Frankish kingdom

became

part of

kingdom of

Navarra

1035

independent

Ramiro I

first king

kingdom of

Aragón

Repopulation

Kingdom of León

Many mozarabs

emigrated

to the North

escape

religious

persecution

uninhabited

zone

repopulate to

prevent atacks

from muslims

crontol

awarding

allowing

giving

lands to

free peasants

fueros

to a city

attract

settlers

and

guarantee

their loyalty

to the

crown

of the land

Chruch and nobles

with

military

power

muslims

and

Jews

stay in their

lands

exchange

paying

taxes