The Iberian Peninsula during the Early Middle Ages
Political developments
Dependent emirate ( 711 - 756 )
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The muslims conquest the Visigothic kingdom due to
Córdoba Caliphate (929-1031)
The end of the visigothic kingdom
Desintegration
Efficiency
Measures
Alianz
They have conquest allmost all the peninsula
territories that they conquist became part of te emirate
know as Ál-andalus
Independent emirate ( 756 - 929 )
Abderramán escaped from Damascus to Ál-andalus
Name himself an independent emirate
Abderraman
name himself
The taifa kingdoms ( 1031- 1085)
Internal fight
Caliphate divided
into small
North Faricna empires ( 1085-1212)
Almoravids and almohads
invaded taifa kingdoms
Economy
Agriculture
in christian kingdom
kingdoms
called taifas
Livestock
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in Al-andalus
main economic activity
non-irrigated crops
cereals
wheat
new irrigation systems
new crops
(vegetables, rice, cotton, sugar cane, citrus fruit....)
subsistence
low productions
they only produtc
what they need for live
crops rotation
in christian kingdom
in Al-andalus
they do
sheep farming
bee kinping
pidgeon breding
they do
sheep farming
Trade
they only trade
they exported
crafwork
oil vine
imported
animal skins
gold
weapons
luxury produtcs
metals
with neigbour empires
Society
in christian kingdom
in Al-andalus
there were divided
MUSLIMS:
arabs
berbers
mozarabs
NON-MUSLIMS:
muladies
jews
slaves
there were divided in
NOBLES:
owners of the land
titles given by
the monarch
PEASSANTS:
vassals:
belonged to the nobles
live
work
in their lands
Free peassants
Culture
Córdoba
cultural center
Arabic
official lenguage
new sciences and arts
astronomy
history
geometry
philosophy
literaturre
maths
medicine
Kingdom of Pamplona
in 824
appears
the kingdom of Pamplona
later
the kingdom of Navarra
loyal to caliphate of córdoba
until the end of 10th
independence
allianze between kingodoms
beginig of 11th
sancho III
maximun size
Aragón and Castilla
we he died the dominions divided
Kingdom of Asturias
Alfonso I
he moved the Galicia
Conquest the North meseta
Alfonso III
he conquerd
Oporto and Coimbra
when he died
the territories divided in
León
Asturias
Galicia
León
became more important
with the unifyqued
capital moved
from Oviedo to León
built castles
to defend from
muslims
kingdom of Castilla
1065
Pyrenean zone: Hispanic march
Catalan counties
caliphate
Rodrgo
was the king
but some nobles
don't like him
and called
muslims
to kill him
Rodrigo confort themm
in th batle
of Guadalette
Rodrigo died
muslims won
more Berbers and Arabs came
and jointed
to Tariq's army
almost all
the peninsula conquest
resistance in the North
Pelayo
defeated them
in the batlle
of Coavdonga
722
aplied
to
Jews
and
Christians
of
the
Visigoth
army
muslims
soldiers
(motivated
for their
faith)
of some
nobles
in the
Visigothic
kingdom
capital
Córdoba
County of Aragón
Hispanic march
territories
central and earstern
Pyrenees
controled by
Charlemagne
most important
Barcelona
9th century
broke away
Frankish kingdom
became
part of
kingdom of
Navarra
1035
independent
Ramiro I
first king
kingdom of
Aragón
Repopulation
Kingdom of León
Many mozarabs
emigrated
to the North
escape
religious
persecution
uninhabited
zone
repopulate to
prevent atacks
from muslims
crontol
awarding
allowing
giving
lands to
free peasants
fueros
to a city
attract
settlers
and
guarantee
their loyalty
to the
crown
of the land
Chruch and nobles
with
military
power
muslims
and
Jews
stay in their
lands
exchange
paying
taxes