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Is anarchism closer to socialism or liberalism? (PARA 2 : BUT ANARCHISM…
Is anarchism closer to socialism or liberalism?
INTRO
Anarchism = an overlap between two rival ideologies - at the point where they both reach anti-statist conclusions
Thus, anarchism = dual character
EITHER
Ultra-liberalism : extreme liberal individualism
Ultra-socialism: extreme socialist collectivism
disagreement within anarchism: about the relevant importance of socialism and liberalism
This disagreement is between individualist and collectivist anarchists
PARA 1: ANARCHISM = CLOSER TO LIBERALISM
Libs : belief in individual sovereignty, any constraint on the individual = evil. Especially the (compulsory, coercive, sovereign) state. Hence in light of this liberalism has an element of anti-statism
individualists draw on economic liberalism. - endorsing market economics therefore bringing equilibrium in a stateless society
PARA 2 : BUT ANARCHISM & LIBERALISM HAVE DIFFERENCES
classical libs: in favor of a minimal state - purely for the protection of freedom / rights. Law = necessary for freedom.
modern libs: state is needed for positive freedom, (not oppression & constraint)
govt power can be tamed by constitutional / representative constitutions
PARA 3: ANARCHISM = CLOSER TO SOCIALISM
anarchism & socialism share a view of human nature : cooperative etc
reflected in parallels between collectivist anarchism and Marxism : both are anti-statist (although through different means).
PARA 4 : BUT ANARCHISM AND SOCIALISM HAVE DIFFERENCES
They diverge: Marxists call for a revolutionary 'dictatorship of the proletariat' - a temporary proletarian state.
anarchism differes froom democratic socialism - uses the state to reform / 'humanize' the capitalist system - for better equality.