Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEMS (Windows operating system (Hard disk…
HARDWARE AND OPERATING SYSTEMS
Computer language and function
ASCII
We give a code to each other letters of the alphabet, and to the characters compuers use
binary system
computers only use the numbers 0 and I
Computer functions
Inp ut of data using peripheral devices
output of data using peripheral devices
hardware
physical components of the computer system that we use and we can touch and move
storing data in the storage devices
Pr ocessing data in the central processing unit (CPUI, using the
mic'roprocessor and the memory.
processing information
calculations
Computer elements
Memory and units of storage
Cache memory
Thc cache memory stores the data that the microprocessor uses most often.
ROM BIOS
I'his imtial c.hec.k is carried ou t using ins t r uctions stored in a special read
only memorv the ROM BIO!i
RAM
random access memory
When we run an appliacation. its instructions and data are copied to thismemory
Storage devices
Optical discs
Store data in a series of grooves
on the disc surface
Bluray technology uses a special blue laser that allow us to store much more information
The disc drive emits a laser onto the disc and reflects off the flat areas
Solid-state memory
These dev ices store information using transistors acting as switches. Can be either opened or closed
Magnetic disks
they store bits by posiotioning
Ha rd disks are the most common magnetic storage units
external hard disks are very
Motherboard and connecting devices
Co nnecting external devices
need to install dr iver that allows the device to communicate with tthe operating system
special connectors on the motherboard
Using an expansion slots on the motherboard, to connect Sound card or a graphics card
components
IDE
Input / output ports
Sl ots
chipset
Microprocessor
integrated circuits or chips
clock rate sets the pace at which processes are completed. electrical impulses
an integrated circuit made up of millions of tiny:
transitor s working together to process the instructions and data received f'rom the memory
T o day's microproce ssor can process 64 bits at a time
A micropr ocesor's power also depends on its cache memory and the speed at which comunicates with the ram
Software and operating systems
Application
Antivirus software, file compressors, web browsers and web email
Database management tools
Presentations
Spreadsheets
word processors
Dr awing programs
Programming Ianguages
These programs can be used to create other programs and applications.
operating system
The operating system provides a working enviroment that makes easy to acces all the various applications find information and to manage files and folders
functions of the operating system
manages the memory and storage systems
provide an interface
manages the microprocessor
allows comunication between applications and peripheral devices
Windows operating system
Hard disk maintenance
Defragmenting the hard disk
Detecting and repairing errors
Cleaning the hard disk
Saving power
Installing and uninstalling programs
installation wizard that guide usthought the process
Sy stem updates
Linux operating system
Installing and uninstalling programs
Use two packages managers to help users automatically install applications downloaded from the internet
Ho w to keep your system up to date
To get the latest versionsof our operating systemsand applications
Sharing resources in Windows
Sh aring a printer
you can print documents from any computer in the network users see our files
Sh aring files and folder
We can let other network users see our files
Computer networks
Elements in a network
hub dsitributes the information that it receives replace by switch
adaptor or network card to send or receive information
transmissiom medium, cable similar to a telephone
Shared Internet access
Using internet connection sharing where all communication is through one computer that must be switched on all the time
Using a computer, which detects data and directs it to and from the internet
Wireless networks
Wllans electromagentic waves to transmit data
(WAP) wireless access points, transmit data through wires or electromagnetic waves
loc al area networks or LANs, metropolitan area network and wide area networks
Sharing resources in Linux
Sharing a printer
To store a printer installed an another in the network, you need to install it as a network on your own network
Sh aring folders
To access a shared folder saved on another computer in another local network
Sh aring a computer
linux lets you share a computer with other users
