Evolving Human Landscape

FDI: Investment by a company in one country into a company based in another country. This has the potential to create jobs and contribute to tax revenue for the government.

HSBC

  • outsourced jobs to India call centres
  • lower wage, HSBC get more money

London: world city -> (Their economic influence and output is disproportional to their size, due to FDI/ global institution)

  • Urban sprawl: When urban areas expand
  • Conurbation: When urban areas merge with rural peripheries as a result of urban sprawl.

Deprivation

A lack of wealth and services. It usually means low standards of living caused by low income, poor health, and low education qualifications.

Places like Eastham, Shepherds Bush, Ladbroke Grove, Hackney and Newham are all highly deprived meaning their sustainability is poor.

The Index of Multiple Deprivation is a tool to measure how deprived a location/ area is.

London Inequalities

Incomes are more unequal than any other part of the UK

In 2012. over 2 million people in London lived in poverty- that's 28% of its population, and 7% higher than the rest of England.

One million of the UK's poorest people and one million of its wealthiest live in England

Would you argue that people living in Shepherds Bush/ Holland Park live a equal life?

Absolutely not. The inequalities of deprivation are so vast that the quality of living and housing is extremely different.

Holland Park... Why is it rich?

Fantastic historic housing and many green spaces

The 2012 Olympics!

Has it benefitted the local people?

  • No education qualifications
  • Live on the Carpenters Estate.
  • Low income

POSITIVES: There were regenerations that boosted the economy as well as new centres and complexes such as Stratford Westfield which created 10,000 jobs. These brought thousands of tourists as well as many new and improved homes

NEGATIVES: The housing is regenerated and becomes more expensive, meaning those on lower incomes are pushed out, widening the inequality gap and causing the rich and poor to conflict.

Brownfield sites regenerated for the Olympics

Problems in London

  • Affordable housing
  • Transport
  • Energy efficiency
  • Employment
  • Green space
  • Waste (only 34% of London's waste is recycled)

How do we make London sustainable?

Insulation to save on heating

Using renewable resources to prevent the enhanced greenhouse effect

Recycling more than 34% of our rubbish

Communal village: where people live in a small village (rural) but travel to work in an urban area

Cheaper housing, less people and less crime, with more space

Services are struggling. Doctors surgery is only open 5 hours a week, the bus runs twice a week and the pub is closed. Dairy farms no longer provide Terling jobs. Despite the problems, property prices are booming and the primary schools are full. This Is because Terling is very accessible for people to commute to London

Cornwall

Advantages: Safe and quiet for young and old people, Exeter is just 2 hours from London, Lowland prices are cheap and their is a good quality of life

Disadvantages: Incomes are low- 25% below the national average, Full time jobs in mining, fishing and farming have declined, there are poor access to services- a car is essential and young people leave due to brain drain and rising house prices