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Philippines - Multi-Hazard Environment (Responses (Communities gererally…
Philippines - Multi-Hazard Environment
Location
group of islands
South-east asia
Vulnerable
to
variety
of
hazards
Volcanoes
Causes
Philippines is near destructive plate boundary
Philippines plate is being subducted beneath Eurasian plate
Events
Mount Pinatubo (active) erupted 1991
Impacts
700 people died
200,000 homeless
buildings collapsed
crops destroyed
agriculture land
was
ruined
by
falling ash
lahars
Seismic hazards
causes
earthquakes
occur along
plate boundary
**&
fault lines **(where plate has cracked under pressure)
example
7.8 mag earthquake on Luzon island, 1990
impacts
killed over 1500 people
Earthquake
under
North Pacific Ocean
creating
tsunamis
7.9 mag earthquake
in
1976
, caused
tsunami
that
struck coastline
around
Moro gulf
Impacts
Thousands killed
several cities devestated
Tropical storms
Philippines has aprox
10 tropical storms every year
causes
develop into
Pacific ocean
and
move westwards **
over
the
islands**
examples
Typhoon Xangsane
swept across
Manila
(captial city) and surrounding
densely populated
areas in
2006
Impacts
of
high **
winds
and
torrential rain**
High winds and torrential rain destroyed homes
Flooding
landslides
loss of power and water
200 people died
total cost of tropical storm over US $130 mill
Responses
Communities gererally understand risks of hazards, having exsperienced them before
widening rivers
near
settlements
to
prevent flooding
short-term preparation
->
stockpiling foods
responses
below mean
communties **
increase
their
own resilience**
Past response
funding to deal with disasters only available post disaster=
focused on
response/reacting
to a
recent disaster
rather than
preparation
&
prevention
for
future disasters
Philippines Response policy change in 2009
now
focus's **
increasing large scale
**resilience
to
disasters
adaptation, mitigation and management
Examples
preventing
people
building
in areas at high risk to disaster
adapting nwe and existing buildings and other infrastructure to cope with earthquakes
building embankments
to reduce flood risk from tsunamis and tropical storms
increasing public awareness
of hazards and how to respond to them
monitoring hazards and developing
early warning systems
so people in at-risk areas have time to prepare
Population density
340 people per square km
(quite densly populated)