Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Respiration and Gas Exchange (Smoking (damages the walls of the alveoli,…
Respiration and Gas Exchange
Anaerobic/Aerobic respiration
Aerobic
When there is plenty of oxygen
most efficient
Glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water (+energy)
Anaerobic
without oxygen
not efficient
animals
glucose --> lactic acid (+energy)
plants
glucose --> ethanol + carbon dioxide (+energy)
Respiration - the process of releasing energy from glucose, as chemical energy, as chemical energy and heat, which happens constantly in every living cell.
The lungs
Breathing in
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm contract
Thorax volume increases
Decrease in pressure,
Breathing out
Intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax
Thorax volume decreases
Air is forced out
Smoking
damages the walls of the alveoli
tar damages the cilia
unable to clear mucus
irritates bronchi and bronchioles
risk of conorary heart disease
carbon monoxide reduces ability of red blood cells to carry oxygen
Gas Exchange
Alveoli adaptations
Give the lungs a larger surface area
Thin walls - gas doesnt have far to diffuse
good blood supply to maintain a high concentration gradient.
thin walls - easy diffusion
