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CHEST X RAY (Anatomy (Costophrenic recesses and angles, Diaphragm, Lung…

- - - - Heart size
      - Scapular edges
  - - - Over penetrated
      - Under penetrated
      - Well penetrated
- - - - Phrenic nerve
      - Lung disease
      - Diaphragmatic hernia
      - Trauma
  - - - Cardiac/pericardial disease
        
        Left ventricular aneurysm
        
        Circularium of calcification
        
        Uncommon complication of MI
        
        Bulging of the left heart border
      - Obscured by adjacent lung disease
        
        RIght middle lobe consolidation
        
        Lingular consolidation
    - - Heart failure
      - Lymphatic obstruction
        
        Sarcoidosis
        
        Lymphagitis carcinomatosa
    - - Intersitial edema
        
        Septal lines (Kerley B lines)
      - Alveolar edema
        
        Airspace shadowing/consolidation
    - - Bat's wing pattern ??
    - - Upper zone vessel prominence
      - Pulmonary edema
      - CTR > 50%
      - Pleura effusions
    - - Left atrial enlargement
        
        Bulging of the left heart border
        
        Splaying of the carina to greater than 90o
        
        Double right heart border
  - - - Asbestos plaques
    - - Meniscus sign ?
    - - Tension pneumothorax ?
  - - - Genuine widening
        
        Mediastinal mass
        
        Vascular oabnormalities
        
        Thoracic aortic aneurysms
        
        Congenital vascular anomalies
        
        Lateral view may help :arrow_right: location
      - Techbical factor: position, projection
  - - - Increased density
      - Decreased density
    - - Air bronchogram
  - - - Mastectomy
      - Gynaecomastia
    - - Surgical emphysema
        
        Palpable subcutaneous 'bubble-wrap'
  - - - Asymmetrical/Symmetrical?
      - Unilateral/Bilateral?
  - - - Bone metastases
        
        Denser (whiter)
        
        Sclerotic process
        
        eg. Prostate cancer
        
        Less dense (blacker)
        
        Lytic process
        
        eg. renal cell cancer
      - Primary bone tumor (benigh & malignant)
        
        Uncommon
    - - Acute
      - Old
        
        Angulation
        
        Callus formation
- - - - Tissue involved
        
        Lung, heart, aorta, bone
      - Size
        
        Large/small/varied
      - Side
        
        Right/left
      - Number
        
        Single/multiple
      - Distribution
        
        Focal/widespread
      - Position
        
        Anterior/Posterior/Lung zone
      - Shape
        
        Round/Crescentic/etc
      - Edge
        
        Smooth/Irregular/Spiculated
      - Pattern
        
        Nodular/Reticular (net-like)
      - Density
        
        Air/Fat/Soft-tissue/Calcium/Metal
  - - - Aortic knuckle
        
        Anterior mediastinal/left upper lobe disease
      - Paraspinal line
        
        Posterior thorax disease
      - Chest wall
        
        Pleural, lung or rib disease
      - RIght heart border
        
        Middle lobe disease
      - Paratracheal stripe
        
        Paratracheal disease
      - Density above horizontal fissure
        
        Anterior segment of the right upper lobe (due to formation of a silhoutte rather than loss of a silhoutte)
      - Hemidiaphragm
        
        Lower lobe lung disease
      - Left heart border
        
        Lingula disease
  - - - Standing/sitting/supine?
      - Mobile X-ray machine used ?
      - AP-PA ?