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Forces, Work, Energy (Work (Power (Power = work/time, Rate of doing work,…
Forces, Work, Energy
Newtons first law of motion
the state of motion, of an object does not change as long as the net force acting on the object is zero.
Net force
the overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined
Inertia
the tendency of an object to resist a change in its motion
the rocket did not move before it was fully pumped because the net force was zero
units used are newtons
1 m/s^2
1 N = 1 kg x m/s^2
Newtons second law of motion
the acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the objects mass
mass
the amount of matter in an object
acceleration = net force/acceleration
a = F/m
the acceleration of my water rocket 9.72m/s, which is equal to its net force divided by the rockets mass.
Universal Forces
Electromagnetic Forces
Electric force and magnetic force are the only forces and can both attract and repel.
Magnetic Forces
the fore a magnetic field exerts on a magnet, on a ferromagnetic material, or on a moving electric charge
Electric Forces
the attraction or repulsion between electrically charged objects
Nuclear forces
strong nuclear force
overcome electric force of repulsion
weak nuclear force
invovled in certain types of radioactive processes
Gravitational force
an attractive force that acts between any two masses
Newtons third law of motion
an object with a large momentum is hard to stop
an object with a small momentum is easier to stop
Momentum
the product of an objects mass and its velocity
momentum = mass x velocity
whenever one object exerts a force on a second object, the second object exerts an equal and opposite force on the first object
when the pump was putting force onto the rocket, the rocket gave and equal amount of force upwards, the same direction in which the pump was pushing towards
Work
Product = distance + force in direction object moves
Work = Force x Distance
Power
Power = work/time
Rate of doing work
SI units = watt (W)
SI units = joules (j)
work = transfer of energy
Energy
Ability to do work
Kinetic energy
Energy an object has due to its motion
(KE) = 1/2 mv^2
Mechanical Energy
Energy = everyday objects
KE + PE
Chemical energy
Energy stored = chemical bonds
Potential energy
Energy that is stored =position or shape
(PE) = mgh
Thermal energy
Total of kinetic + potential related to particles in objects

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