Please enable JavaScript.
Coggle requires JavaScript to display documents.
Malaria in Ethiopia (Strategies to control malaria (Ethiopian Gov…
Malaria in Ethiopia
Strategies to control malaria
PMI and GHI scale up malaria prevention and treatment
Ethiopia received grants of US$20-45 million a year for malaria control
Ethiopian Gov implemented a 5 year plan from malaria
operate in partnership with a number of agencies
Direct actions
measures to eradicate mosquitoes, including periodic spraying
managing the environment to destroy breeding sites
Indirect
mass publicity complains to minimise potential breeding sites
Distributing insecticide-treated bed nets to all households in infected areas
As a result malaria deaths has halved
In past cycles of malaria every 5 to 8 years
since 2003 there have been no malaria epidemics
In Amhara, one of the provinces worst effect, the prevalence of the disease fell from 4.6% of the pop in 06 to just 0.8 in 2011
Incidence and patterns of malaria
Epidemic in 75% of Ethiopi's land area
not evenly distributed within country
Western lowlands
Transmission rates peak after the rainy season
highest risk
midlands
transmission is seasonal
occasional epidemics
alitude ranges from 1000m-2200m
eastern lowlands
arid climates confines malaria to river valleys
Endemic in western lowlands where temps and humidity are high throughout
Highlands (1/4 of country) is malaria free
2/3 of countries population live in areas at risk from disease- kills 70,000
Socio-economic impacts of malaria
hardest hit are the poor
often live in crudely built dwellings
Offer few barriers from mossies
suffers 5 mil episodes per year
debilitating effects
Causing
absenteeism from work
slowing economic growth
reinforces the cycle of poverty
Environmental and human causes of malaria
Environmental
In Ethiopia these habitats are strongly influenced by altitude
Absent in Highlands
low average temps- slows development of mosquitoes and the parasite
thrives in warm, humid climates and where stagnate water provides ideal breeding habitats for mosquitoes
Human
population movements
From highlands (where it is malaria free) to low lands due to harvest
harvest coincides with rainy season (transmission rates peak)
infection also increases because harvest continues after sunset
urbanisation
irrigation schemes
misuse of malarial drugs have encourages the spread