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Classical Civilizations (Phoenicians (Interactions (harsh climate,…
Classical Civilizations
Phoenicians
Cultural
Known for their mighty ships adorned with horses’ heads in honor of their god of the sea, Yamm, the brother of Mot, the god of death.
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Economic
The economy of the Phoenicians was based mainly on trade. They traded in glass, precious metals and ceramics. They also were involved in agriculture, mining, manufacturing.
Interactions
harsh climate, differences in elevation.
Stretched across the Mediterranean sea. So they had plenty if rich soil, and water.
Northern Phoenicia's temp is a few degrees warmer than that of the south. people wanted different things that people wanted from the north in the south.
Political
Collection of city-states, Rarely formed alliances between each other.
Kingship, The kings power, however, was limited by the powerful merchant families, who wielded great influence in public affairs.
Social
The Phoenicians where divided into three classes that citizens of phoenicia were divided into. social class was the top class which included priests, government officials, and land owners. the middle class included merchants, craftspeople, farmers, and fishermen. The working class included slaves and servants.
Greece
Social
Spartans were pretty much equal, to maintain the equality they all dressed the same and wore no jewelry.
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Democracy spread throughout the men, women stayed home and had little rights.
Political
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Took different political forms including Monarchies, Oligarchies, Aristocracies, and, Democracies.
The civilization was made up of about 200 poleis(city-state). Each a separate political unit relying on each other.
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Economic
Mountainous with little suitable land, no river valleys or level plains.
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Cultural
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Invented Natural law, that things happen for a reason in nature.
Polytheistic, main gods were Zeus and his wife Hera, Poseidon, Athena, and Apollo.
Invented Drama, Lyric poetry, and "Classical" Architecture.
Interaction
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Sheeps and Goats were raised in most areas, Horses were raised in northern Greece.
Natural Resources included marble, and clay for pottery. Not a lot of metal.
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Rome
Interaction
The roman republic expanded on the Italian peninsula, Romans began to play a large role in the Mediterranean Sea Trade
Romans burned the city of Carthage to the ground, salted the earth to keep anything from growing and took control of the lands, rich in grain, oil, wine, and precious metals.
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Slave labor in Rome was indispensable gangs of slaves were used in households or craft production, mining, and on the great agricultural estates.
Social
Women in the upper classes were generally treated like children under the strict scrutiny of the men of their family. First father, then husband, then son.
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Political
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Not a democracy, Rome is a republic nin 509 B.C.E. without a Monarch.
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The officials of Agustus' large Empire were equites, a class of italiqan merchants and landowners who helped run the roman empire.
Culture
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Most of their contributions were in law, Bureaucratic administration, Finance, and Engineering.
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Roman roads were built for marching armies and trading routes, and great aqueducts were built to carry water to urban areas.
Economics
Agriculture and trade dominated Roman economic fortunes, only supplemented by small scale industrial production.
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Persia
Political
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Had military leader like Cyrus the Great, and Alexander the Great to lead wars and conquer across the world.
Satraps- Governors who were responsible for collecting tribute, provide soldiers, and keep order.
social
Had a Tribal Confederacy, each tribe lived in a different part of Persia.
Their social structure was a basic patriarchal system based on families forming tribes and the tribes formed the confederacy
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Interaction
Used the mountains as a smart barrier between them and their opponent surrounding them when they don't even know it.
On a high, dry plateau. Surrounded by mountains to the North, East, and West with the Indian ocean to the south.
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Economic
Lots of herding of livestock, the soil and land was very poor for agriculture.
After taking over parts of India they became an economic power house. Controlled rich land around Mesopotamia.
Great king Darius instituted many economic innovations and reforms like Systematized Taxation, Standardized Weights, Measurements. and Monetary units.