Unit 6: Learning
Operant Conditioning
Classical Conditioning
Different kinds of learning
Module 29
Marked by voluntary behavior that either increases or decreases depending on the consequence.
definition: a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher.
Key names: B. F. Skinner, Edward L. Thorndike
Key names: Ivan Pavlov, John B. Watson
definition: a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events.
habituation: (not the same as sensory adaptation!) think babies /fetuses with the sounds
associative learning
cognitive learning
Key terms: generalization, discrimination, NS, CS, CR, US, UR, Garcia effect, extinction, acquisition, spontaneous recovery, etc.
Key terms: operant chamber, pos/neg punishment/reinforcement, partial reinforcement, continuous reinforcement, fixed/variable, interval/ratio, etc.
Observational learning: Albert Bandura: Bobo doll experiment
mirror neurons: frontal lobe neurons that fire when we see someone doing something as if we were actually doing it.
modeling (key term) is more effective when the model is like ya.
Robert Rascorla: said that cognition is involved in learning bc animals can learn predictability and have a cognitive map and latent learning and stuff
key terms: cognitive map, insight, latent learning, instrinsic/extrinsic motivation, coping (problem focused vs emotion focused), learned helplessness, internal vs external locus of control/self control, etc.
know pro social vs antisocial behavior
higher order conditioning
internal locus of control and good self control lead to success happiness and good health. learned helpnessness and an external locus of control = bad.
can be used in parenting, relationships, workplaces, school, etc.
some people were offended by skinner bc he was dehumanizing and underestimated our own control
NS becomes CS thru association w/ US (acquisition); extinction occurs when the CS is presented alone over time