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Corrections (Juvenile Justice Chapter 15 (Parens patriae (the states as…
Corrections
Different Models
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Medical Model
A model of corrections based on the assumption that criminal behavior is caused by biological or psychological conditions that require treatment.
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Reiteration Model
A correctional model that emphasizes maintaining the offenders ties to family and community as a method of reform, recognizing that the offender will be returning to society.
Community Justice
A model of justice that emphasizes reparation to the victim and the community, a problem-solving perspective with regard to crime and citizen involvement in crime prevention.
Punishments
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Day Reporting Center
A community correctional center where an offender reports each day to comply with elements of a sentence.
Boot Camp
A short-term institutional sentence, usually followed by probation, that puts the offender through a physical regimen designed to develop discipline and respect for authority .
Parole
The conditional release of an inmate from incarceration, under supervision, after part of the prison sentence has been served.
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Terms
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Jail
An institution authorized to hold pretrial detainees and sentenced misdemeanors for periods longer than 48 hours.
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Inmate Codes
the values and norms of the prison social system that define the inmates' idea of the model prisoner.
Classification
The process of assigning an inmate to a category based on his or her risk to security, educational level, ability to work, and readiness for release.
Technical Violation
The probationer's failure to abide by the rules and conditions of the probation resulting in revocation of probation.
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Court Cases
Wolff v. Mcdonnel
Basic elements of procedural due process must be present when decisions are made about imposing significant punishments on prisoners for violating institutional rules.
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Morrissey v. Brewer
Due process rights require a prompt, informal, two-stage inquiry handled by an impartial hearing officer before parole may be revoked. the parolee may present relevant info and confront witness.
Gagnon v. Scarpelli
Before probation can be revoked, a two-stage hearing must be held and the offender must be provided with specific elements of due process. Requested counsel will be allowed on a case-by case basis.
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Breed v. Jones
Juveniles cannot be found delinquent in juvenile court and then transferred to adult court without a hearing on the transfer; to do so violates the protection against double jeopardy.
Schall v. Martin
Juveniles ca be held in preventive detention if there is concern they they may commit additional crimes while awaiting court action.
Release
Expiration Release
The release of an inmate from incarceration, without further correctional supervision; the inmate cannot be returned to prison for any remaining portion of the sentence for the current offense.
Mandatory Release
The required release of an inmate from incarceration to community supervision upon the expiration of a certain period, as specified by a determinate sentence
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Discretionary Release
The release of an inmate from prison to conditional supervision at the discretion of the parole board, within the boundaries set bu the sentence and the penal law.
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Furlough
The temporary release of an inmate from a correctional institution for a brief period, usually one to three days for a visit home. Such programs help maintain family ties and prepare inmates for release on parole.
Halfway House
A correctional facility housing convicted felons who spend a portion of their day at work in the community but reside in the halfway house during nonworking hours.
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